This book presents the results of an international comparative study on the causes of rule deviation in business and medical organizations. Based on document and interview analyses as well as experiments, the discrepancy between (state) regulations and organizational practice is elaborated and discussed in an interdisciplinary perspective. On the basis of the distinction between organizational and individual deviance, it could be shown across national boundaries that the unwritten rules of the organization make a decisive contribution in explaining organizational wrongdoing, as well as their containment. Implications for effective prevention derived from this are also pointed out.

How to Explain and Fight Organizational Crime

How to Analyze Organizational Crime
The Development of the German Criminal Regulations against Corruption in the Public Sector
The Development of German Criminal Law against Corruption in the Private Sector
German Corruption Cases Reflected in Criminal Files
Compliance, Integrity, and Prevention in the Corporate Sector
Limits of Formal Regulation
Experimental Corruption Research in Germany
The German Organ Transplant Scandal
Decision-making Processes of Physicians after the Organ Donation Scandal in Germany
In Search of Organizational Crime in the U.S
Formal Rules and Institutional Increments in Brazil
Organizational Crime in Brazil
The Anti-corruption Mindset of Brazilian Law Enforcers
New Laws and Law Enforcement to Fight against Bribery in China
Detected Cases of Bribery in China
Companies as Responsible Actors and Corporate Citizens
The Puzzling Resilience of Organizational Wrongdoing.