The Yearbook 1992 continues one part of the tradition established by the publication of updates. The Update Series itself will continue with several volumes being published per year on topical special issues. The Yearbookcompiles the most recent, widespread developments of clinical research and practice in one comprehensive reference book. It is addressed to everyone involved in cardiology, internal medicine, anesthesia, intensive care, surgery, pediatrics and emergency medicine.

Multiple Organ Failure: A Cascade of Mediators

Multiple Organ Failure and Infection: Cause, Consequence, or Coincidence
The Role of the Endothelium in Multiple Organ Failure
The Role of Interleukin-1 in Septic Shock
Cytokines and Cytokine Antagonists in Sepsis and Critical Illness
Tumor Necrosis Factor during Sepsis
Interactions between TNF? and Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes
Determinants of Neutrophil Adhesion Following Ischemia
Factors Determining Endotoxin Sensitivity
Mechanisms of Endotoxin Induced Endothelial Injury
Novel Approaches to the Treatment of Septic Shock
Biochemical Alterations in Ischemia and Reperfusion
Prostanoids and Sepsis
Cardiac Failure
Cardiac Complications of Local Anesthetic Agents
Perioperative Cardiac Morbidity: New Developments and Controversies
Perioperative Heart Failure
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors for Treating Low-Output Syndrome
Doppler-Echocardiography in Critically Ill Patients
Lung Edema-Pulmonary Hemodynamics
Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
The Alveolar Epithelial Barrier
Physiological Assessment of Acute Lung Injury in the Intensive Care Unit
Morphology of Pulmonary Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation
Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Volunteers
Gut Ischemia
Pathophysiology of Gut Mucosal Barrier Breakdown in Shock
Alterations in Gastrointestinal Barrier Function in Sepsis: The Effect of Lipopolysaccharide on Mucosal Permeability to Hydrophilic Solutes
The Potential for Monitoring Gastric Intramucosal pH to Reduce the Costs of Critical Care
Cellular Hypoxia
Oxygen Delivery and Uptake: Insights from Animal Studies
Tissue Hypoxia in Animal Models of Sepsis
The Role of O2 Transport Related Variables in the Assessment of Tissue Oxygenation in the Clinical Setting.-Influences of Various Respiratory and Circulatory Conditions on Muscle Tissue Oxygenation in Critically Ill Patients
Is Oxygen Consumption an Important Clinical Target?
Respiratory Support
Respiratory Resistances in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: The Effects of PEEP
Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics During Total and Partial Ventilatory Support
Synchronous and Dys-synchronous Patient-Ventilator Interactions
Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia by New Ventilatory Techniques
Respiratory Failure in Asthma: Management of the Mechanically Ventilated Patient
Approaches to Improve Survival in Severe ARDS
The Place of Extracorporeal CO2 Removal in the Treatment of ARDS
Difficult Weaning
Respiratory Monitoring
Continuous Intra-Arterial Blood Gas Monitoring
The Expiratory Capnogram in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Respiratory Inductive Plethysmography for Assessing Risk of Pulmonary Barotrauma
Evaluation of Pulmonary Mechanics in Mechanically Ventilated Children
Infectious Complications
General Concepts for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery
Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Incidence and Risk Factors of ICU Acquired Pneumonia
Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit: Can Critical Care Technology Help?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Caring for Children with Poor Outcomes from Out-of-Hospital Arrests
Myocardial Dysfunction after Successful Cardiac Resuscitation
Current Concepts in Brain Resuscitation
CNS Injury and Trauma
The Role of Free Radicals in Ischemic and Reperfusion Brain Injury
Brain Edema and Raised Intracranial Pressure after Head Injury
Cerebrovascular Effects of Hypertonic Resuscitation
The 21-Aminosteroid Antioxidant Tirilazad Mesylate in CNS Injury and Hemorrhagic Shock
Neuro-Hormonal Regulation after Trauma
Organ Transplantation
Acute Allograft Rejection: Immunobiology and Therapeutic Strategies
Immunosuppression in a Critically Ill Patien
Nutrition and Metabolism
Enterai Nutrition for the Critically Ill
Calcium Homeostasis during Sepsis
Intensive Care Sedation
Toxicology
Major Chemical Accidents: Medical and Organizational Aspects
Place of Activated Charcoal and Gastric Emptying in Acute Toxic Ingestions: A Critical Reappraisal
Organization and Evaluation
A Survey of Emergency Medical Service Systems in Europe
Prediction of Outcome in Critically Ill Patients
Measuring the Severity of Injury
Decision Support Systems in Intensive Care.