1;Foreword;6 2;Committees;7 3;Executive Committee;8 4;Themes and Tracks;10 5;Symposia;17 6;Sponsors and Supporting Organizations;21 7;Plenary Speakers;22 8;Table of Contents;31 9;Theme 1: Special Topics;31 9.1;Adjusting Legs for Stable Running in Three Dimensions;62 9.1.1;INTRODUCTION;62 9.1.2;METHODS;62 9.1.3;RESULTS;63 9.1.4;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION;65 9.1.5;REFERENCES;65 9.2;Vestibular Research during Spaceflight - The Role of the Gravity Vector;66 9.2.1;INTRODUCTION;66 9.2.2;ASSESSMENT OF OTOLITH FUNCTION;66 9.2.3;CONCLUSION;68 9.2.4;REFERENCES;68 9.3;Cycling Aerodynamics: Wind Tunnel Testing versus Track Testing;69 9.3.1;INTRODUCTION;69 9.3.2;WIND TUNNEL TESTING;69 9.3.3;TRACK TESTING;70 9.3.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;71 9.3.5;CONCLUSIONS;71 9.3.6;REFERENCES;71 9.4;Biofluidmechanics of Avian Flight: Recent Numerical and Experimental Investigations;73 9.4.1;INTRODUCTION;73 9.4.2;MATERIAL AND METHODS;73 9.4.3;RESULTS;75 9.4.4;CONCLUSIONS;76 9.4.5;REFERENCES;76 9.5;Mathematical Model of Blood Flow in Arteries with Porous Effects;77 9.5.1;INTRODUCTION;77 9.5.2;MATHEMATICAL MODEL;77 9.5.3;LEAK-BACK FLOW RATE AND SKIN FRICTION;78 9.5.4;NUMERICAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;78 9.5.5;CONCLUDING REMARKS;80 9.5.6;REFERENCES;80 9.6;Computational Studies of the Locomotion of Dolphins and Sharks Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics;81 9.6.1;INTRODUCTION;81 9.6.2;NUMERICAL METHOD;81 9.6.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;82 9.6.4;CONCLUSIONS;84 9.6.5;REFERENCES;84 9.7;A Study on the Comparison the Energy Expenditure of Walking and Running Based on Tri-axial Accelerometer and Gas Analyzer;85 9.7.1;INTRODUCTION;85 9.7.2;METHODS;85 9.7.3;RESULTS;86 9.7.4;CONCLUSION;87 9.7.5;REFERENCES;87 9.8;Swimming Behavior of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: Bridging Small-Scale Locomotion with Biomechanics;88 9.8.1;INTRODUCTION;88 9.8.2;EXPERIMENTAL METHODS;88 9.8.3;KINEMATICS OF UNDULATORY SWIMMING;89 9.8.4;SWIMMING MODEL;90 9.8.5;MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF C. ELEGANS;90 9.8.6;CONCLUSIONS;91 9.8.7;REFERENCES;91 9.9;Leg Stiffness from Landing Methods of Hopping;92 9.9.1;INTRODUCTION;92 9.9.2;METHODS;92 9.9.3;RESULTS;92 9.9.4;CONCLUSION;94 9.9.5;REFERENCES;94 9.10;Ramifications in Plant Stems as Concept Generators for Branched Technical Fiber-Reinforced Composites;95 9.10.1;INTRODUCTION;95 9.10.2;MATERIAL AND METHODS;96 9.10.3;RESULTS;96 9.10.4;OUTLOOK;97 9.10.5;REFERENCES;97 9.11;Biomimetic Deployable Systems in Architecture;99 9.11.1;INTRODUCTION;99 9.11.2;SELECTION, INVESTIGATION AND ABSTRACTION;99 9.11.3;TECHNICAL APPLICATION;101 9.11.4;CONCLUSIONS;102 9.11.5;REFERENCES;102 9.12;Fish and Flag - Exploring Fluid-Structure Interaction during Undulatory Swimming in Fish;103 9.12.1;INTRODUCTION;103 9.12.2;MATERIALS AND METHODS;104 9.12.3;RESULTS;104 9.12.4;DISCUSSION;106 9.12.5;CONCLUSIONS;106 9.12.6;REFERENCES;106 9.13;Characterization of the Jumping Behavior of Archer Fish, Toxotes Microlepis;107 9.13.1;INTRODUCTION;107 9.13.2;EXPERIMENTAL METHODS;107 9.13.3;RESULTS;108 9.13.4;CONCLUSIONS;110 9.13.5;REFERENCES;110 9.14;Flow Separation Control on a NACA0012 Airfoil via a Porous, Compliant Coating;111 9.14.1;INTRODUCTION;111 9.14.2;NUMERICAL METHOD;111 9.14.3;RESULTS;112 9.14.4;PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION;114 9.14.5;CONCLUSIONS;114 9.14.6;REFERENCES;114 9.15;Kinematics of Dragonfly (Sympetrum flaveolum) Flight;115 9.15.1;INTRODUCTION;115 9.15.2;EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS;115 9.15.3;ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ON KINEMATICS;116 9.15.4;CONCLUSIONS;118 9.15.5;REFERENCES;118 9.16;Effects of Load Carriage on Spinal Motor Control in Schoolchildren;119 9.16.1;INTRODUCTION;119 9.16.2;MATERIALS AND METHOD;119 9.16.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;121 9.16.4;DISCUSSION;121 9.16.5;CONCLUSION;122 9.16.6;REFERENCES;122 9.17;Computational Investigation of Two Interventions for Neck and Upper Extremity Pain in Office Workers;123 9.17.1;INTRODUCTION;123 9.17.2;METHODS;123 9.17.3;RESULTS;124 9.17.4;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS;125 9.17.5;REFERENCES;125 9.18;Comparison of Changed Gait Pattern between Healt