The brilliant yet simple idea of introducing a catheter percutaneously into an artery, without first dissecting it free, using a flexible guide wire, has led to a truly revolutionary breakthrough in abdominal x-ray diag nosis (SELDINGER, 1953). In the meantime, methods and techniques for injecting contrast media into various vessels have become largely standardized; innumerable publications have appeared which deal with every conceivable aspect of angiographic technique and interpretation. This volume is designed to present our experience with abdominal angiography. We deliberately refrained from any systematic discussion of the genitourinary tract, which has been adequately dealt with in the literature, also with respect to angiographic findings. Our interest in the retroperitoneal region is based mainly on its significance in differential diagnosis. In ten years of angiographic activity, our Department had made successful use of a simple technique which appears suitable also for smaller hospitals. We wish to point out its diagnostic potential and, at the same time, to outline its limitations. Our experience embraces 2804 abdominal angiograms, which we have classified according to clinical and morphologic anatomical criteria. Their diagnostic interpretation has been compared with the surgical or histopathological results. This may help others to avoid errors of the type which we discovered in our own work. Angiographic diagnosis requires not only familiarity with normal radiographic anatomy, but also specific knowledge of angiographic patho morphology. We have tried to identify those features which typify the individual findings and to derive therefrom valid generalizations with the aid of simple sketches.

I Introduction and Historical Review

II Radiologic Anatomy of Abdominal Blood Vessels
1 Abdominal Aorta
2 Inferior Vena Cava
3 Portal Vein
III Angiographic Technique
1 Basic Considerations
2 Patient Preparation and Contraindications
3 Equipment
4 Contrast Media and Adverse Reactions
5 Aorto-Arteriography
6 Portography
7 Cavography
8 Pharmacoangiography
9 Magnification
10 Abdominal Stereoangiography
11 Electronic Improvement of Angiograms: Subtraction and Color Subtraction
12 Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Angiography
13 Complications of Abdominal Angiography
IV The Abdominal Syndrome and Angiography
1 Disorders of Visceral Blood Circulation
2 Gastrointestinal Bleeding
3 Portal Hypertension
4 Abdominal Trauma
5 Abdominal Tumors
6 Abdominal Angiography in Children
V Special Abdominal Angiography
1 Abdominal Aorta
2 Liver
3 Spleen
4 Pancreas
5 Stomach and Duodenum
6 Small Intestine and Right Large Intestine
7 The Left Colon
8 Mesentery and Omentum
9 Retroperitoneal Space
VI Frequency of Use and Diagnostic Value of Abdominal Angiography
VII Plates (Figures 1-183)
VIII Bibliography
IX Subject Index.