As little as 30 years ago, cardiovascular research at Bayer was just a small sideline with in an environment dominated by chemotherapy research, and only 15 years ago, Bayer's pharmaceutical business was confined to European and Latin Ameri can countries, with sales in cardiovascular pharmaceuticals close to zero. It goes without saying that Adalat has changed the company as a whole in its research, development, and marketing, both in Germany and, most importantly, world wide. In research and development, Adalat has led the way in to new areas such as hypertension, acute neurology, dementia, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. In pharmacology, Adalat was present at the dawning of the second phar macological revolution, which started out from whole animal models and progres sed, via in vitro screening and pharmacological research on the DHP receptor, down to the molecular level with the cloning of calcium-channel proteins. Having followed the Adalat story closely in its early years as a bench scientist, let me take this opportunity to thank the inventors, the scientists, and the investigators who have helped to tap the broad potential of calcium-channel blockade with dihyd ropyridines in general and Adalat in particular. But, success should not obscure our vision. There is no reason for us to rest on our laurels: it will take true innovations in cardiovascular research to top the gold standard set by Adalat. Let us take up the challenge.

Adalat: Historical Aspects from the Cardiologist's View

The History of Nifedipine in Japan
History of Adalat
The Story of Nifedipine
Nifedipine: A Pleiotropic Vascular Drug
Adalat® - From the Marketing Viewpoint
Economic Aspects of the Treatment of Cadiovascular Diseases with Emphasis on Angina Pectoris
Fundamentals of Adalat
Synopsis of the Most Important Biopharmaceutical Facts About Nifedipine/Adalat
Lectures
Hypertension
Treatment of Hypertension and Prevention of Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality
Long-Term Studies on Regression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Impaired Left Ventricular Function During Exercise in Hypertensive Patients with Normal Coronary Arteriograms: Effects of Nifedipine
Long-Term Reduction in Sodium Balance: Possible Additional Mechanisms Whereby Nifedipine Lowers Blood Pressure
The Hypertensive Diabetic Patient
The Epidemiology and Treatment of Hypertension in the Elderly
Coronary Heart Disease
Myocardial Ischaemia: An Overview
Variations in Ischemic Threshold During Daily Activities
Silent Ischaemia: Pathophysiological, Prognostic and Therapeutic Indicators in Chronic Stable Angina
Management of Silent Myocardial Ischemia with Continous - Release Nifedipine: A Possible Choice
Nifedipine Infusion in Unstable Angina: A Single-Blind, Double-Crossover, Placebo-Controlled Holter Study
Coronary Atherosclerosis
Arterial Calcium Overload: A Cardinal Element in the Development of Arteriosclerosis and Vasoprotection with Calcium Antagonists
Therapy of Atherosclerosis: When?
Potential Biochemical Mechanisms of the Antiatherogenic Properties of Calcium Antagonists
Calcium Antagonists for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis
The Influence of Nifedipine on the Progression of Coronary Artery Disease in Man: The INTACT Study
Outlook
Adalat: Its Future.