1;Preface ;6 2;Contents;8 3;Epidemiology of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus, Gastric Cardia, and Upper Gastric Third;14 3.1;1.1 Introduction;14 3.2;1.2 Demographics, Trends, and Geographic Variations of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and EGJ;15 3.3;1.3 Age, Gender, and Race;17 3.4;1.4 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and ACE and EGJ;17 3.5;1.5 Barrett's Esophagus and ACE and EGJ;18 3.6;1.6 Obesity;20 3.7;1.7 Additional Risk Factors for ACE and EGJ;22 3.8;1.8 Summary;24 3.9;References;25 4;Clinical Classification Systems of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction;31 4.1;2.1 Esophagogastric Junction;31 4.2;2.2 Classification of Adenocarcinoma of the EGJ Type I- III;33 4.3;2.3 Conclusions;38 4.4;References;38 5;Histopathologic Classification of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction;41 5.1;3.1 Introduction;41 5.2;3.2 Definition of the Esophagogastric Junction;42 5.3;3.3 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Digestive System;43 5.4;3.4 Histopathologic Subtypes;43 5.5;3.5 Precancerous Lesions and Histogenetic Aspects;43 5.6;3.6 Prognostic Aspects of Histopathologic Classification;45 5.7;3.7 UICC Classification and Grading;46 5.8;3.8 Histopathologic Regression Grading after Neoadjuvant Therapy;46 5.9;References;48 6;The Pathogenesis of Barrett's Metaplasia and the Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma;51 6.1;4.1 Introduction;51 6.2;4.2 Normal Esophageal Epithelium;52 6.3;4.3 Pathogenesis of Barrett's Metaplasia;53 6.4;4.4 Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma;62 6.5;4.5 Summary;66 6.6;References;66 7;Differences in the Molecular Biology of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus, Gastric Cardia, and Upper Gastric Third;76 7.1;5.1 Introduction;76 7.2;5.2 Microsatelite Instability (MSI) and Loss of Heterozygosity ( LOH);77 7.3;5.3 Difference in Phenotype on Histology and Immunohistochemistry;77 7.4;5.4 Differences in the Hallmarks of Cancer;78 7.5;5.5 Self-Sufficiency in Growth Signals;78 7.6;5.6 Insensitivity to Antigrowth Signals;78 7.7;5.7 Evasion of Apoptosis;79 7.8;5.8 Limitless Replicative Potential;79 7.9;5.9 Sustained Angiogenesis;79 7.10;5.10 Tissue Invasion;79 7.11;5.11 Conclusion;80 7.12;References;80 8;Clinical Staging of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction;84 8.1;6.1 Introduction;84 8.2;6.2 Establishing the Diagnosis;84 8.3;6.3 The Tumor Center Localization Determines the Classification;85 8.4;6.4 Preoperative TNM Staging Defines Further Treatment Strategies;86 8.5;6.5 Imaging Techniques for AEG;86 8.6;6.6 Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS);86 8.7;6.7 Computed Tomography (CT);88 8.8;6.8 18Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (18FDG-PET);89 8.9;6.9 MRI;89 8.10;6.10 Staging Laparoscopy Excludes Peritoneal Disease;89 8.11;6.11 Conclusion;90 8.12;References;91 9;Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Staging and Therapy of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus, Gastric Cardia, and Upper Gastric Third;95 9.1;7.1 Introduction;95 9.2;7.2 Staging and Marking Before ER;96 9.3;7.3 Endoscopic Resection Techniques;96 9.4;7.4 Results of ER;97 9.5;7.5 Results in Early Barrett's Adenocarcinoma or HGD;97 9.6;7.6 Complications of ER in Barrett Esophagus;98 9.7;7.7 ER for HGC or Early Cancer at the Esophagogastric Junction;98 9.8;7.8 ER for Gastric Neoplasia;99 9.9;7.9 Conclusion;99 9.10;References;99 10;Surgical Strategies for Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction;102 10.1;8.1 Introduction;102 10.2;8.2 Surgical Strategies for AEG Siewert Type I;104 10.3;8.3 Surgical Strategies for AEG Siewert Type II and III;110 10.4;8.4 Summary;113 10.5;References;113 11;Current Status of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Adenocarcinoma of the Distal Esophagus, Gastric Cardia, and Proximal Stomach;116 11.1;9.1 Introduction;116 11.2;9.2 Pattern of Lymph Node Metastases;116 11.3;9.3 Extension of Resection;117 11.4;9.4 The Techniques of Sentinel Node Biopsy;117 11.5;9.5 Upstaging;119 11.6;9.6 Using the SLN as Frozen Section During Surgery;119 11.7;9.7 Current Status of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Gastric Cancer;119 11.8;9.8 Sentinel Lym