This open access book gives an overview of the sessions, panel discussions, and outcomes of the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference, held in February 2018 in San Antonio, Texas, USA, and hosted by the Mays Cancer Center and the Institute for Health Promotion Research at UT Health San Antonio.

Latinos - the largest, youngest, and fastest-growing minority group in the United States - are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in coming years. Although there has been substantial advancement in cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment over the past few decades, addressing Latino cancer health disparities has not nearly kept pace with progress.

The diverse and dynamic group of speakers and panelists brought together at the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference provided in-depth insights as well as progress and actionable goals for Latino-focused basic science research, clinical best practices,community interventions, and what can be done by way of prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in Latinos. These insights have been translated into the chapters included in this compendium; the chapters summarize the presentations and include current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and top priority areas for future cancer research in Latinos.

Topics included among the chapters:

• Colorectal cancer disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment
• Breast cancer risk and mortality in women of Latin American origin
• Differential cancer risk in Latinos: The role of diet
• Overcoming barriers for Latinos on cancer clinical trials
• Es tiempo: Engaging Latinas in cervical cancer research
• Emerging policies in U.S. health care

Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos proves to be an indispensable resource offering key insights into actionable targets for basic science research, suggestions for clinical best practices and community interventions, and novel strategies and advocacy opportunities to reduce health disparities in Latino communities. It will find an engaged audience among researchers, academics, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, students, and others with an interest in the broad field of Latino cancer.

Chapter 1: Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos

Chapter 2: Disaggregated Hispanic Groups and Cancer: Importance, Methodology and Current Knowledge
Chapter 3: Colorectal Cancer Disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment
Chapter 4: Breast Cancer Risk and Mortality in Women of Latin American Origin
Chapter 5: Prostate Cancer in U.S. Latinos: What Have We Learned and Where Should We Focus Our Attention
Chapter 6: Differential Cancer Risk in Latinos: The Role of Diet
Chapter 7: Biomarkers of Gastric Pre-Malignant Lesions
Chapter 8: Molecular Subtypes and Driver Mutations in Latinos with Gastric Cancer: Implications for Etiological and Translational Research
Chapter 9: The Biology of Breast Cancer Disparities in Hispanics: Current Knowledge, Gaps and Research Opportunities
Chapter 10: Molecular Profiles of Breast Cancer in Hispanic/Latina
Chapter 11: Biomarkers and Precision Medicine in Oncology Practice and Clinical Trials
Chapter 12: Overcoming Barriers for Latinos on Cancer Clinical Trials
Chapter 13: Breast Cancer Precision Medicine in Hispanics/Latinas: Focus on Luminal B Tumors
Chapter 14: Is Precision Medicine Widening Cancer Care Disparities in Latino Populations? The Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Experience
Chapter 15: A Vision for Improving Quality of Life Among Spanish-Speaking Latina Breast Cancer Survivors
Chapter 16: Research Democracy in a Randomized Controlled Trial: Engaging Multiple Stakeholders in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Chapter 17: Es Tiempo: Engaging Latinas in Cervical Cancer Research
Chapter 18: Reaching Latinos Through Social Media and SMS for Smoking Cessation
Chapter 19: The Need for a Holistic Approach to Prevent Reproductive Cancers among US Latinas: The Potential Impact of Normalizing Sexuality and Improving Communication
Chapter 20: Critical Steps for Engaging Hispanics in Cancer Research: Building Capacity to Enhance Participation in Biospecimen Donation withHispanic Communities
Chapter 21: Emerging Policies in US Health Care
Chapter 22: A Way Forward: The Future of Cancer Health Disparities Research in Latinos.