The book describes the historical evolution and development of accounting theories and principles. Value and valuation have been reviewed extensively. The author provides a detailed comparison between historic and fair value accounting. A comprehensive review of the literature and researchers' opinions about measurement, fair value, and historical cost value will enable the readers to understand the concepts in detail. Additionally, the book includes case studies evaluating the accounting practices in Turkey and Romania to illustrate how these concepts are implemented in practice. The reader will obtain a good understanding of the local nationalized accounting systems, and up to what extent countries have adapted to IFRS. The books discusses the usage of IT tools in accounting and analyses the impact of information technology such as big data, artificial intelligence, and data analytics in the field of accounting.

Chapter 1. Introduction

Chapter 2. Theoretical Approaches of Value and Valuation
Chapter 3. Normalization, Harmonization, and Convergence of Accounting Evaluation
Chapter 4. Accounting Evaluation between Certainty of Past Costs and Uncertainty of Future Values and Measurement in Accounting
Chapter 5. Event Study on the Impact of Fair Value Evaluation
Chapter 6. Results Interpretation and Concepts Development
Chapter 7. Elements of Modern Accounting.