The presence of monotypism in thick atherosclerotic lesions of black females with G-6-PD mosaicism first reported by the Benditts (1973) has been confirmed in two other laboratories. However, we believe that it is premature to conclude that the finding of monotypism necessarily indicates monoclonal origin of athero sclerotic lesions. We have suggested two alternative explanations for the obser vation of monotypism which we believe must be shown to be invalid before accept ing monoclonal origin as the only plausible way to account for the observed G-6-PD monotypism. One of these two alternatives relates to clonal heterogeneity of cell growth potential, i. e. , during the course of progressive growth of a le sion, progeny of one cell may overgrow all others in a portion of the lesion. The other alternative is that one of the G-6-PD alleles may be linked to genes that afford a preferential survival characteristic in the abnormal environment present in atheroscerotic lesions. Thus, cells with one allele may be able to grow better than cells with the other allele, and this characteristic may be unrelated to "A-ness" or "B-ness". We have studied initiation of lesions in He diet-fed swine and demonstrated that all active lesions that were studied were of multiple cell origin (not monoclo nal). We have studied cell growth patterns in developing atherosclerotic lesions in He diet-fed swine and found evidence consistent with clonal heterogeneity in growth potential of lesion cells.

I. Relation Between Arterial Wall and Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease Connective Tissue and Immunological Mechanism on Atherosclerosis

Arterial Endothelial Permeability to Macromolecules
The Maintenance of Endothelial Integrity
Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherogenesis: Births, Deaths and Clonal Phenomena
Lipoproteins - Steady State Aspects
Connective Tissue in Atherosclerosis
Immunologic Mechanism of Atherosclerosis
Workshop 1. Dynamics of Lipoproteins and Lipids in the Arterial Wall
Uptake of Serum Lipoproteins into the Arterial Wall
Enzymes Catalyzing Phospholipid-Dependent Transacylations in the Arterial Wall
Heparin-Manganese Precipitability of Canine Lipoproteins as Correlated With Binding to the Cell Surface Receptors on Fibroblasts
Synthesis and Removal of Free Cholesterol and of Cholesterol Ester by Smooth Muscle Cells in Tissue Culture
Abstracts
Workshop 2. Hypertension, Arteriolar Disease and Atherosclerosis
Possibilities of Hyaline Formation in the Vessel Wall, Light- and Electron Microscopic Structure: Problems of the Nomenclature
Hypertension, Stroke and Atherogenesis in Experimental Models
Hypertension and Cerebral Atherosclerosis
Abstracts
Workshop 3. Epidemiology of Atherosclerosis and Geographic Differences in Risk Factors
An Introduction to the Epidemiology of Atherosclerosis
Association Between Risk Factors and Atherosclerotic Lesions Based on Autopsy Findings in the Oslo Study: A Preliminary Report
Atherosclerosis and Risk Factors
Coronary Risk Factors in Adults: The Influence of Nutrition in Early Life
The Relation of Ante Mortem Factors to Atherosclerosis at Necropsy
Atherosclerosis and Its Risk Factors in the Hawaiian Japanese
Atherosclerosis in Relation to Personal Attributes of a Japanese Population in Homes for the Aged
Frequency of Coronary and Peripheral Artery Disease in Hyperlipoproteinemia
Concluding Remarks on the Epidemiology of Atherosclerosis
Abstracts
Workshop 4. Measurement of Triglyceride Turnover
Kinetics of VLDL Subfractions
Comparison of Methods of Plasma Triglyceride Turnover
The Intravenous Fat Tolerance Test With Intralipid-Validity, Applications, and Limitations
Triglyceride Turnover in Diabetic States of Dogs
Abstracts
Workshop 5. Smoking and Atherosclerosis
Epidemiological Research in Japan on Smoking and Cardiovascular Diseases
Atherogenic Compounds of Tobacco Smoke
Abnormalities Potentially Mediating the Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Atherosclerosis
Oxygen Transport and Smoking
The Evidence for Nicotine as an Etiological Factor in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
Abstracts
II. Lipoproteins
Structure of the Plasma Lipoproteins - A Review
Cellular Catabolism of Serum Lipoproteins
Synthesis and Secretion of Plasma Lipoproteins and Apo-Lipoproteins
Dynamics of Lipoprotein Interconversion
Lipoprotein Metabolism in Tissue Culture
Current Concepts of Hyperlipoproteinemia
Workshop 6. Lipoproteins
Electroimmunoassays of Serum Apolipoproteins in Normolipidemic Subjects and Patients With Primary Hyperlipoproteinemias
Lipid Organization in Human Plasma Low-Density Lipoproteins
Formation and Structural Properties of Lipoprotein-X
Isothermal Calorimetric Studies on Human HDL Apolipoproteins
High-Density Lipoprotein Abnormalities Associated With Disease
On the Role of Apolipoprotein A-I in the Structure of Serum High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL)
Abstracts
Workshop 7. Animal Models of Atherosclerosis and Regression
Requirement for Regression Studies in Animal Models
The Effect of Strenuous Exercise on Plasma Lipids and Atherosclerosis on Cholesterol-Fed Cockerels
Changes of Cyclic Nucleotides in the Regressive Course of Experimental Atherosclerosis and Their Modification by Sex Hormones and Phthalazinol
Model of Arterial Injury by Balloon De-Endothelialization: Reappraisal, Improvement, and Application to Measurement of Endothelial Growth
Reversibility of Atherosclerosis in Pyridoxine-Deficient Monkeys
Regression of Atherosclerosis at Serum Cholesterol Concentrations Achievable in Man
Aortic Atherosclerosis of Primates
Abstracts
Workshop 8. Cholesterol Metabolism
Cholesterol Metabolism in High- and Low-Responding Rhesus Monkeys
Relationships Between Metabolism of Cholesterol and the Turnover of Plasma Lipoproteins
Studies on the Mechanism of Development of Hypercholesterolemia: Effect of Aging and Genetic Factors in Animal Models
Cholesterol Synthesis in Slowly Exchangeable Cholesterol Pool in Man
Bile Acid Metabolism Under Basal and Experimental Conditions in Normo- and Hyperlipidemic Subjects
Cholesterol Turnover in Metabolism in Normal and Hyperlipidemic Humans
Abstracts
Workshop 9. Hormones, Lipoprotein Lipase and Atherosclerosis
Hormones, Lipoprotein Lipase and Atherosclerosis
Molecular Aspects of Hepatic Triglyceride Lipase and Lipoprotein Lipase From Human Post-Heparin Plasma
The Interactions of Lipoprotein Lipase With Cofactor Proteins, Lipid Substrate, and Certain Sulfated Polysaccharides
Purified Monoacylglycerol Hydrolase From Human Post-Heparin Plasma: Characteristics and Role in the Reaction Catalyzed by Lipoprotein Lipase
Measurement of Post-Heparin Plasma Lipoprotein Lipase and Hepatic Triglyceride Lipase Activities and Their Relation to Plasma Triglyceride Metabolism
Hormonal Regulation of Human Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase
Post-Heparin Triglyceride Activity (PHTGLA) in Diabetic Rats
Abstracts
Workshop 10. Collagen, Elastin, Mucopolysaccharides in Atherosclerosis
Influence of Muscular Training on Arterial Wall Cell Reaction
Complex Carbohydrates of Arterial Wall Connective Tissue
New Results on Gag and Collagen in Atherosclerosis
Functional Relations Among Cells and Fibers of the Aortic Media: Microanatomic and Biosynthetic Findings
Abstracts
III. Regression of Atherosclerosis
Animal Models of Regression
Methods to Accelerate Regression
The Mechanism of Atherosclerosis Regression
Connective Tissue Changes in Regression
Angiographic Evidence of Atherosclerosis Regression in Man
Enhancement of Regression of Human Atherosclerosis
Workshop 11. Nutritional Factors and Atherosclerosis
Influence of all Nutrients on Atherosclerosis
Influence of Diet Factors on Plasma Lipids in Ischemic Heart Disease
Practical Considerations of Changing Dietary Cholesterol and Fat
Dietary Protein, Hypercholesterolemia and Atherosclerosis
Soybean Protein Diet in the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia
Abstracts
IV. Epidemiology
Epidemiological Studies of Atherosclerotic Disease in Japan
Highlights of Epidemiological Research in Western Countries
Abstracts
V. Pediatric Aspects of Atherosclerosis
Risk Factors in Children - The Early Natural History of Atherosclerosis
Morphologic Aspect of Childhood Atherosclerosis
Abstracts
VI. Treatment of Human Atherosclerosis
Dietary Management of Atherosclerosis
Drugs and Atherosclerosis
Surgical Management of Hyperlipidemia
Metabolic Aspects of the Management of Obliterative Atherosclerosis
Abstracts
Workshop 12. Hyperlipoproteinemias
Mechanisms of Hyperlipoproteinemia Derived From Multicompartmental Analysis of Very Low-Density ApolipoproteinB-Kinetics
On the Significance of Typing of Hyperlipoproteinemia in Primary Asymptomatic Hyperlipidemia
Secondary Causes and Aggravating Factos for Hyperlipoproteinemia
Diagnosis of Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia by Means of Rate Zonal Ultracentrifugation
Some Aspects of Sensitivity and Resistance to the Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Clofibrate
Newer Methods of Treatment of the Hyperlipoproteinemias
Analysis of the Characteristics of ß-K Band in the Fraction of Lipoprotein by Polyacrylamide Gel-Disc Electrophoresis and the Frequency of Its Appearance in IHD
Nutritional Factors and Atherosclerosis
Abstracts
Workshop 13. Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis
Structure of the Renal Artery and Its Vasoconstriction
Coronary Arterial Changes in Childhood and Young Adults With Respect to Progression of Coronary Sclerosis and a Brief Comment on Thrombosis as a Complication
Thrombosis and Endothelial Injury in Atherogenesis
Platelet Factors and the Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Thrombogenic and Atherogenic Effects of Dieatary Fats
Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopic Studies on Experimental Thrombosis in Rabbits
Abstracts
Workshop 14. Tissue Culture in Atherosclerosis
Proliferative Response of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells to Hyperlipemia
Cholesterol Ester Synthesis by Microsomal Fractions From Fu5AH Rat Hepatoma Cells: Stimulation by Lipoproteins From Hyperlipemic Sera
Inhibition of Lipid Synthesis by Sulfated Glycans in Cultured Aortic Cells
The Effect of Hypoxia and Carbon Monoxide on Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Cultures
Sterol Metabolism in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells
Effect of Human Sera on DNA Synthesis in Aortic Explants
Abstracts
Workshop 15. Atherosclerosis Without Major Risk Factors
Studies on the Atherogenesis and Sucrose Intake in Crab-Eating-Monkeys
Ascorbic Acid and Atherosclerosis: Effects of Chronic Hypovitamin C on Aortic Ground Substance and Lipid Metabolism
Ethanol-Lipemia. A Doubtful Risk Factor
V Vasoactive Agents and Postprandial Chylomicrons as Risk Factors in Atherogenesis
Unexplained Variability in Extent of Atherosclerosis in Homogenous Human Population
Abstracts
Workshop 16. Intervention Trials
Diet and Coronary Heart Disease - Primary Prevention Trials
Attempts at Primary and Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease
Intervention Trial for Secondary CV Prevention in Primary Atherogenous Hyperlipidemias
The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)
General Abstracts
Movie
References
Author Index (Abstracts).