This book provides a comprehensive discussion on the current information and evidence on the latest developments in the field of drugs resistance. Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a medication such as an antimicrobial or an antineoplastic in treating a disease or condition. This leads to negative outcomes at great risk of public health; therefore, increasing efforts are dedicated to the development of a new generation of medications that will help deal with this phenomenon. Decades of technological innovations in drug design have demonstrated the potential of resistance. Enormous information on various aspects of antibiotics resistance is available. However, literature on drug resistance specifically related to infectious and non-infectious diseases is rarely presented, particularly those focusing on the mechanisms, biochemistry, kinetics, dynamics, and management of drug resistance. Therefore, there is an immense need for a systematic compilation on the available information about this issue. 
All the chapters are logically selected and arranged to provide state-of-the-art information about all aspects of drugs resistance. After an introductory chapter, four chapters are dedicated to infectious microbial diseases, whereas two other chapters are complimenting this theme and focusing on drugs resistance in ear, nose and throat, and skin diseases. The recent advances in the understanding of drugs resistance in lung, neurological, kidney, heart, and liver diseases are also covered. Biochemistry of drugs resistance in cancer, HIV, ocular, reproductive, and diabetes diseases is also discussed. Finally, a chapter dedicated to the 'management of drug resistance' has been included. 


Sarfraz Ahmed is working as Assistant Professor of Biochemistry at the Department of Basic Sciences, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CVAS), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Narowal, Pakistan. He received his Ph.D. in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology in 2016 from Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.  Previously, he had been serving in the same discipline for the past three years at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, and Khawja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan. His major responsibilities include teaching, research, and department's administration. He holds Associate Membership of American Society for Microbiology, USA, Malaysian Society for Human Genome, Malaysia, Zakariyan Biochemists Organization, B.Z University, Multan, Pakistan. He has 15 research publications in well-reputed national and international scientific journals, 1 booklet and 8 book chapters in Springer & Elsevier. He has been Fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) for pursuing his doctorate. He has won many research awards at international conferences and was awarded with bronze medal from Malaysia Ministry of Higher Education in industrial products research. He is Editorial Member and Reviewer of different well-reputed international scientific journals.
Suvash Chandra Ojha received his Ph.D. degree in Molecular Medicine in 2016 and his postdoctorate in 2018 from the Mahidol University, Thailand. Currently, he is working as  Senior Lecturer at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Medical University, China. He has won several fellowships during his academic career such as Faculty of Science Fellowship (2011-2015) and Graduate Assistantship (2015-2016) from Mahidol University, Thailand, and USM Fellowship, University Sains Malaysia (2009-2011). He holds Associate Membership of American Society for Microbiology, USA, and Malaysian Society for Microbiology University Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. He is supervising several research projects involving structure-activity relationships of bacteriocins, biochemical, and molecular characterization of infectious diseases. He has published 10 articles in well-reputed scientific journals and multiple  chapters. He is Editorial Member and Reviewer of various well-reputed national & international scientific journals. 
Muhammad Najam-ul-Haq received his Ph.D. degree in 2007 from the University of Innsbruck, Austria. He also did postdoc from the University of Innsbruck, Austria, in 2013 awarded by Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research (BMWF), Austria. Currently he is working as Professor at Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, in the discipline of Analytical Biochemistry and Chemistry. He also holds office of Director ORIC (Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization). He served as Chairman at the Department of Biochemistry in 2015, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. He has participated in the academic administrative bodies of the university; Chairman, Board of Studies in Biochemistry; Member Board of Studies in Chemistry; Member Board of Faculty (University Engineering College, BZU); Member Board of Faculty (Science); Member Academic Council; Member Senate; Member Advanced Studies & Research Board; Chairman - Admission Committee of Department of Biochemistry. He has published 105 research papers in impact factor research journals of international repute with accumulative impact factor of above 300. He has 02 international patents and 01 chapter by John Wiley & Sons to his credit. He has attended more than 50 international and national conferences and presented 32 posters in various conferences. He has won HEC, Pakistan Outstanding Research Awards 03 times. He has won Research Productivity Award (RPA) from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Pakistan, for the year 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014. He is Member - of the Editorial Board of Journal of Research (Science) BZU and Reviewer of high impact factor journals including ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (ACS), Biomedical Chromatography (Wiley), Scientific Reports (Nature), Analytical Chemistry (ACS), International Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Hindawi), and Analytical Methods (RSC).