This book collects and reviews, for the first time, a wide range of advances in the area of human aging biomarkers. This accumulated data allows researchers to assess the rate of aging processes in various organs and systems, and to individually monitor the effectiveness of therapies intended to slow aging.

In an introductory chapter, the editor defines biomarkers of aging as molecular, cellular and physiological parameters that demonstrate reproducible changes - quantitative or qualitative - with age. The introduction recounts a study which aimed to create a universal model of biological age, whose most predictive parameters were albumin and alkaline phosphatase (indication liver function), glucose (metabolic syndrome), erythrocytes (respiratory function) and urea (renal function).

The book goes on to describe DNA methylation, known as the "epigenetic clock," as currently the most comprehensive predictor of total mortality. It is also useful for predicting mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and for analyzing the effects of lifestyle factors including diet, exercise, and education.

Individual contributions draw additional insight from research on genetics and epigenetic aging markers, and immunosenescence and inflammaging markers. A concluding chapter outlines the challenge of integrating of biological and clinical markers of aging.

Biomarkers of Human Aging is written for professionals and practitioners engaged in the study of aging, and will be useful to both advanced students and researchers.

 

Introduction

Section-1 BIOMARKERS OF AGING AND HEALTH
Practical Detection of Biological Age: Why it is not a trivial task
 Biological age is a universal marker of aging, stress, and frailty
Biomarkers of health and healthy ageing from the outside-in
Biomarkers of aging
Review of molecular and cellular biomarkers of aging
Section-2 PROTEOMICS AND GLYCOMICS BIOMARKERS OF AGING
 IgG glycans as a biomarker of biological age
Oxidatively modified proteins and maintenance systems as biomarkers of aging
Is impaired proteodynamics a key to understand the biomarkers of cellular aging
Section-3 GENETICS AND EPIGENETICS AGING MARKERS
 Genetic markers of extreme human longevity
Epigenetic biomarkers of aging
DNA methylation biomarkers to assess biological age
Epigenetics of brain aging: lessons from chemo brain and tumor brain
Approaches and methods for variant analysis in a cell
Section 4 IMMUNOSENESCENCE ANDINFLAMMAGING MARKERS
Is there any reliable biomarker for immunosenescence and inflammaging?
Immune parameters associated with mortality in longitudinal studies of very old people can be markedly dissimilar even in apparently similar populations
Gut microbiota and aging
Section-5 SYSTEMS BIOLOGY OF AGING, BIOLOGICAL AGE AND MORTALITY MARKERS
Deep integrated biomarkers of aging
Quantification of the biological age of the brain using
Arterial aging: the role of hormonal and metabolic status and telomere biology
Circulating Biomarkers of Aging
Molecular signature of aging driven by Wnt signaling pathway: Lessons from nematodes
The problem of integrating of biological and clinical markers of aging
Index.