1;Preface;5 2;Contents;8 3;List of Editors and Contributors;10 3.1;Editors;10 3.2;Contributors;10 4;Niche for Normal and Cancer Stem Cells;16 4.1;1 Introduction;17 4.2;2 The Melanocyte Stem Cell Serves as an IdealModel to Understand Quiescence of Stem Cells;18 4.3;3 Definition of MSC;19 4.4;4 Isolation of MSCs En Masse;20 4.5;5 Evaluation of Gene Function by MC- Specific Gene Manipulation;21 4.6;6 Induction of QuiescentMSCs RequiresMultiple Steps;22 4.7;7 A Working Hypothesis for the Induction of QuiescentMSCs;23 4.8;8 Induction of QuiescentMSCs In Vitro: Future Direction;25 4.9;References;27 5;c-Myc and Activated Ras During Skin Tumorigenesis: Cooperation at the Cancer Stem Cell Level?;28 5.1;1 The Myc Proto-oncogenes;29 5.2;2 Distinct Consequences of c-Myc Overexpression in Epidermal Cell Types;30 5.3;3 The Role of Endogenous c-Myc in the Epidermis;32 5.4;4 The Role of Endogenous c-Myc in Ras- Mediated Skin Tumorigenesis;33 5.5;5 c-Myc and RasMu Function in Epidermal Cancer Initiating Cells;34 5.6;References;37 6;Wnt Signaling in Stem Cells and Lung Cancer;42 6.1;1 Overview ofWnt Signaling;43 6.2;2 Stem Cells, Cancer Stem Cells, and Lung Cancer;46 6.3;3 Wnt Signaling in Stem Cell Maintenance and Regeneration;50 6.4;4 Wnt Signaling in Lung Cancer;52 6.5;5 Potential Therapeutic Approaches Targeting theWnt Pathway;59 6.6;6 Summary;61 6.7;References;62 7;Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Regulate Tumorigenicity in Human Glioblastoma Stem Cells;74 7.1;1 Materials and Methods;90 7.2;References;93 8;Strategies to Induce Nuclear Reprogramming;97 8.1;1 Introduction;98 8.2;2 Reprogramming by Nuclear Transfer;98 8.3;3 Reprogramming by Cell Fusion;101 8.4;4 Culture-Induced Reprogramming;103 8.5;5 Reprogramming by Defined Factors;105 8.6;6 Outlook;107 8.7;References;108 9;The Intestinal Stem Cell Niche Studied Through Conditional Transgenesis;113 9.1;1 Introduction;114 9.2;2 Stem Cells Within the Small Intestine;114 9.3;3 Analysis of Crypt Survival After Exposure to Ionising Radiation;115 9.4;4 Signalling Pathways Regulating Intestinal Homeostasis: TheWnt Signalling Pathway;116 9.5;5 Summary;119 9.6;References;120 10;The Migrating Cancer Stem Cells Model- A Conceptual Explanation of Malignant Tumour Progression;123 10.1;1 The Multistep CarcinogenesisModel and Tumour Heterogeneity;124 10.2;2 TheWnt/ß-Catenin Signalling Pathway;128 10.3;3 De-differentiated Tumour Cells at the Invasion Front Show Characteristics of Stemness;131 10.4;4 The Model of Migrating Tumour Stem Cells;132 10.5;References;134 11;Bone Marrow Niche and Leukemia;139 11.1;1 Stem Cells in Health and in Cancer;140 11.2;2 Significant Role of the Stem Cell Niche;141 11.3;3 Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Archetype of Adult Stem Cells;143 11.4;4 Divisional Kinetics and Genotyping for Identification of Stem Cells;143 11.5;5 Stem Cell Niche: The Importance of Being Connected;145 11.6;6 Affinity of HSC Toward Stromal Cells;146 11.7;7 Homotypic and Heterotypic Interactions;147 11.8;8 Significance of Adhesion Molecules for Regulation of Self- Renewal;148 11.9;9 Conclusion;149 11.10;References;150 12;Breast Stem Cells and Cancer;154 12.1;1 Introduction;154 12.2;2 Cancer Stem Cells;156 12.3;3 DCIS MammospheresÒImportance of EGF and Notch Signalling;160 12.4;References;163 13;Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: A Target for New Therapies;168 13.1;1 Introduction;169 13.2;2 TransgenicMouse Models of Prostate Cancer;170 13.3;3 Prostate Cancer: A Disease of Epithelial Differentiation;170 13.4;4 Stem cell Expansion In Vitro;171 13.5;5 Definition of the Stem Cell Phenotype in Prostate;172 13.6;6 The Origins of Prostate Cancer;174 13.7;7 Isolation of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells;176 13.8;8 Gene Expression in Prostate Cancer Stem Cells;180 13.9;9 Implications for Prostate Cancer Therapy;183 13.10;References;188 14;The Hedgehog Signaling Network, Mammary Stem Cells, and Breast Cancer: Connections and Controversies;193 14.1;1 Introduction;194 14.2;2 Stem and Progenitor Cells in Mammary Gland Ductal Development;197 1