This book is the first comprehensive text dedicated to risk assessment in the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It provides an overview of current evidence regarding approaches to risk assessment, traditional and emerging risk factors, and atherosclerosis imaging for refinement of risk estimation. The volume seeks to provide an essential resource for professionals in the field to assess their patients for risk of cardiovascular disease. 
The book is divided into five sections, starting off with an overview of current best practices to risk assessment in primary prevention around the world. The second section discusses traditional risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and obesity. The third section reviews the newly introduced concept of 'Risk Enhancers'. The fourth section offers insight on novel risk factors, with in-depth discussion regarding lipoprotein(a), high-sensitivity CRP, apolipoproteinB, social determinants of health, stress and cardiovascular disease. and polygenic risk scores. The final section covers the use of non-invasive atherosclerosis imaging (computed tomography and ultrasound-based techniques) as a tool to refine risk estimates. Throughout the book, readers will find multiple tables, figures, and illustrations that complement the text. 

Up-to-date, evidence-based, and clinically oriented, Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Primary Prevention is a must-have resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, endocrinology, primary care, and health promotion and disease prevention.

Part 1 - Global Approaches to Risk Assessment

1. Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Primary Prevention
2. Global Approaches to Risk Assessment - the U.S. Guidelines
3. European Guidelines for Risk Assessment in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Part 2 - Traditional Risk Factors
4. Hypercholesterolemia
5. Blood pressure control in primary care
6. Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
7. Primary Prevention: Smoking
8. At the Heart of the Matter: Obesity and its Interplay with Preventive Cardiology
Part 3 - Risk Enhancers
9. Family History of Premature Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
10. Primary Prevention and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Women
11. Ethnic Factors in the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk for Primary Prevention
12. Triglycerides Rich-Lipoproteins
13. "Inflammatory Diseases and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A New Focus for Prevention"
14. Chronic Kidney Disease is a Risk Enhanced for Cardiovascular Diseases
15. Peripheral Arterial Disease and The Ankle Brachial Index
Part 4 - Novel Risk Factors
16. Lipoprotein(a)
17. High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
18. Apolipoprotein B in Primary Prevention: Ready for Time Prime?
19. Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health
20. Stress and Cardiovascular Disease
21. Polygenic Risk Scores
Part 5 - Atherosclerosis Imaging as a Tool to Refine Risk Estimates
22. Coronary Artery Calcium
23. Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events
24. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Plaque Assessment.