1;Preface;5 2;Contents;7 3;Contributors;14 4;Chapter 1 The Lipid Droplet: a Dynamic Organelle, not only Involved in the Storage and Turnover of Lipids;18 4.1;1.1 Introduction;19 4.2;1.2 Lipid Droplets Form as Primordial Structures at Microsomal Membranes;20 4.3;1.3 Lipid Droplet Size Increases by Fusion;22 4.4;1.4 Lipid Droplets and the Development of Insulin Resistance;24 4.5;1.5 Lipid Droplet-Associated Proteins;25 4.6;1.6 Lipid Droplets and the Secretion of Triglycerides from the Cell;28 4.7;1.7 Conclusions;36 4.8;References;36 5;Chapter 2 Oxysterols and Oxysterol-Binding Proteins in Cellular Lipid Metabolism;44 5.1;2.1 Oxysterols, Their Synthesis and Catabolism;44 5.2;2.2 Biological Activities of Oxysterols;51 5.3;2.3 Cytoplasmic Oxysterol-Binding Proteins;58 5.4;2.4 Future Perspectives;72 5.5;References;75 6;Chapter 3 Cellular Lipid Traffic and Lipid Transporters: Regulation of Efflux and HDL Formation;89 6.1;3.1 Introduction;89 6.2;3.2 Regulation of apoA-I Synthesis, Lipidation and Secretion in Hepatocytes: Genesis of apoA-I-Containing Lipoproteins and HDL;90 6.3;3.3 Cell Specificity of ABCA1 Expression and HDL Formation in Vivo: Insight from Genetically Modified Mice;91 6.4;3.4 Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation of ABCA1;92 6.5;3.5 Cellular Traffic of ABCA1;94 6.6;3.6 Integrated Models of Lipid Efflux and Lipoprotein Assembly: Nascent HDL Formation;98 6.7;3.7 Complementarities of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-BI in Lipid Efflux and HDL Formation and Their Combined Role in Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Vivo;101 6.8;3.8 Cellular Lipid Traffic Through the Late Endosomes;104 6.9;3.9 Cholesterol Traffic Through the Lipid Droplet;107 6.10;3.10 Caveolin and Cellular Cholesterol Transport;110 6.11;3.11 Mobilization of LD Lipids for Efflux;111 6.12;3.12 Conclusions;113 6.13;References;114 7;Chapter 4 Bile Acids and Their Role in Cholesterol Homeostasis;123 7.1;4.1 Introduction;123 7.2;4.2 Bile Acid Synthesis;124 7.3;4.3 Regulation of the Enterohepatic Circulation;131 7.4;4.4 Cholesterol in the Enterohepatic Circulation;133 7.5;4.5 Role of the Enterohepatic Cycle in the Control of Cholesterol Homeostasis;139 7.6;4.6 Concluding Remarks;140 7.7;References;140 8;Chapter 5 Cholesterol Trafficking in the Brain;146 8.1;5.1 Introduction;146 8.2;5.2 Cholesterol Turnover in the Brain;147 8.3;5.3 Release of 24( S )-Hydroxycholesterol from the Brain into the Circulation;150 8.4;5.4 Lipoproteins in the Cerebrospinal Fluid;151 8.5;5.5 Astrocytes Supply Neurons with Cholesterol;152 8.6;5.6 How do Neurons Regulate Their Cholesterol Supply?;154 8.7;5.7 Alternative Pathway for Cholesterol Release from Neurons?;157 8.8;5.8 Role for cAMP Responsive Element Binding Protein in the Regulation of Neuronal Cholesterol Homeostasis;158 8.9;5.9 Internalization of Cholesterol by Neurons;158 8.10;5.10 The Choroid Plexus as an Alternative Source of HDL;159 8.11;5.11 Disturbances in Cholesterol Trafficking Between Astrocytes and Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease?;160 8.12;5.12 Do Alterations in Systemic Sterol Metabolism Alter Brain Sterol Metabolism?;162 8.13;References;163 9;Chapter 6 Intracellular Cholesterol Transport;171 9.1;6.1 Biophysical Properties of Cholesterol in Model Membranes;171 9.2;6.2 Molecular Organization and Function of Cholesterol in the Plasma Membrane;175 9.3;6.3 Overview of Membrane Traffic Along the Endocytic and Secretory Pathways and its Dependence on Cholesterol;179 9.4;6.4 Function of Various Organelles in Cellular Cholesterol Metabolism and Transport;182 9.5;6.5 Vesicular and Non-Vesicular Transport of Cholesterol: Targets, Kinetics and Regulation;185 9.6;6.6 Alterations in Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking in Atherosclerosis and Lipid Storage Diseases;190 9.7;6.7 Future Prospects;194 9.8;References;195 10;Chapter 7 Role of the Endothelium in Lipoprotein Metabolism;205 10.1;7.1 Introduction;205 10.2;7.2 Expression of Proteins Involved in Lipoprotein Metabolism;206 10.3;7.3 Lipoprotein Transport Through the Endothelium;20