1;Preface;5 2;Contents;7 3;Contributors;9 4;Part I: Topics in Veterinary Pharmacology ;11 4.1;Introduction;12 4.1.1;From Materia Medica to Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics;12 4.1.2;Aims of This Volume and Rationale for Inclusion of the Chapters;16 4.1.3;References;26 4.2;Species Differences in Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics;27 4.2.1;Introduction;28 4.2.2;Diversity of Species and Breeds of Interest for Veterinary Medicine;29 4.2.3;Origin of Interspecies Differences in Modalities of Drug Administration;32 4.2.4;Origin of Interspecies Differences in Drug Disposition and Drug Action;34 4.2.5;Origin of Interspecies Differences in Dosage Regimens;38 4.2.6;Pour-on Formulations: Dermal or Oral Route of Administration?;40 4.2.7;Consequence of Coprophagia on Drug Disposition and Responses;41 4.2.8;Interspecies Differences in Drug Disposition in Relation to Digestive Tract Physiology;42 4.2.9;Species Variation in Drug Metabolism;45 4.2.10;Kidney Function and Urinary pH;48 4.2.11;Specificity in Drug Administration and Disposition in Poultry;49 4.2.12;Species Variability in Drug Administration and Disposition in Fish;51 4.2.13;Conclusions;53 4.2.14;References;53 4.3;Comparative and Veterinary Pharmacogenomics;57 4.3.1;Introduction;58 4.3.2;Drug Disposition;59 4.3.2.1;Oxidative Enzymes;59 4.3.2.1.1;Cytochrome P450 2D15 in Dogs;59 4.3.2.1.2;Cytochrome P450 2D in Rats;61 4.3.2.1.3;Cytochrome P450 2C41 in Dogs;61 4.3.2.1.4;Cytochrome P450 1A2 in Dogs;62 4.3.2.1.5;Cytochrome P450 2B11 in Dogs;63 4.3.2.1.6;Esterases in Horses and Rabbits;65 4.3.2.2;Conjugative Enzymes;67 4.3.2.2.1;N-acetyltransferase in Mice, Rats, Hamsters, Rabbits and Rhesus Macaques;67 4.3.2.2.2;UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A in Rats;68 4.3.2.2.3;UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 2B2 in Rats;69 4.3.2.2.4;Thiopurine Methyltransferase in Cats, Dogs and Mice;69 4.3.2.3;Transporters;70 4.3.2.3.1;P-glycoprotein in Dogs and Mice;70 4.3.2.3.2;MRP2 in Rats;72 4.3.2.4;Other;73 4.3.2.4.1;Albumin in Rats and Dogs;73 4.3.2.4.2;Arylhydrocarbon Receptor in Mice and Rats;73 4.3.3;Drug Effect;74 4.3.3.1;Malignant Hyperthermia in Pigs, Dogs, Cats and Horses;74 4.3.3.2;Warfarin Resistance in Rats;77 4.3.4;Future Directions;78 4.3.5;References;78 4.4;Drug Delivery Systems in Domestic Animal Species;86 4.4.1;Introduction to Veterinary Drug Delivery: Comparison with Drug Delivery in Human Medicine;87 4.4.2;Controlled-Release Principles in Veterinary Medicine;89 4.4.3;Exogenous Regulation: Devices and Formulations;90 4.4.3.1;Oral Formulations;90 4.4.3.2;Airway Delivery: Pulmonary and Nasal;93 4.4.3.3;Topical Formulations and Transdermal Patches;95 4.4.3.4;Intravaginal Delivery for Fertility Regulation;98 4.4.3.5;Intramammary Formulations for Ruminants;99 4.4.3.6;Ocular and Periodontal Adhesives;101 4.4.3.7;Sustained-Release Parenteral Veterinary Drug Delivery;102 4.4.4;Endogenous Regulation: The Role of Drug Transporters in Regulating Delivery;104 4.4.4.1;ABC Efflux Transporters in Veterinary Medicine;105 4.4.4.2;Potential Veterinary Drug Interactions Based on Transporters;107 4.4.5;Conclusions;110 4.4.6;References;111 4.5;Population Medicine and Control of Epidemics;120 4.5.1;Introduction;121 4.5.2;Helminth Control;121 4.5.2.1;Helminth Parasites of Ruminants;121 4.5.2.2;Helminth Parasites of Dogs and Cats;123 4.5.2.2.1;Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes;123 4.5.2.2.2;Cestodes;126 4.5.2.2.3;Heartworm;128 4.5.2.3;Anthelmintic Agents;129 4.5.2.4;Anthelmintic Resistance;129 4.5.3;Mastitis Control in Dairy Cows;131 4.5.4;Control of Respiratory Disease in Cattle and Swine;134 4.5.5;Conclusion;139 4.5.6;References;140 4.6;Interspecies Allometric Scaling;146 4.6.1;Introduction;147 4.6.2;History of Scaling;150 4.6.2.1;Linear ExtrapolationLinear extrapolation;151 4.6.2.2;Metabolic ScalingMetabolic scaling;151 4.6.2.3;Allometric ScalingAllometric scaling;153 4.6.3;Discussion and Conclusions;156 4.6.4;References;162 4.7;Pain and Analgesia in Domestic Animals;165 4.7.1;Introduction;166 4.7.2;Animal Pain;167