His scientific contributions are regarded as classics: the studies about the insulin effect on adipose tissue (together with George F. Cahill Jr. ), his work on the biosyn thesis and secretion of insulin (together with Lelio Orci and Claes W ollheim) and his studies on various spontaneous and induced diabetes syndromes in rodents (together with Bernard Jeanrenaud and Eleazar Shafrir). Albert Renold will be remembered for a long time by all who knew him for his achievements, for his kindness and his humanity. We dedicate the Proceedings of this symposium to his memory. Werner Creutzfeldt Pierre Lefebvre G6ttingen Liege History and Philosophy of Bayer Pharmaceutical Research W. -D. Busse Fachbereich Forschung Pharma, Bayer AG, D-5600 Wuppertal, FRG Research has a long tradition at Bayer. This year, 1988, marks 100 years of our pharmaceutical activities. In 1888 the first Bayer drug - phenacetin, an antipyreti- was synthesized, starting from a by-product of dye manufacture. This finding led to the establishment of a Pharmaceutical Department within Friedrich Bayer and Co. in Elberfeld, with all its associated facilities (Fig. 1). The beginning of the company itself, however, dates back to 1863. In that year, Friedrich Bayer started the produc tion of aniline dyestuffs in his private house in Barmen-Rittershausen. During the 125 years of the company's life and the 100 years of pharmaceuticals, many developments and products have been discovered by Bayer researchers and launched by Bayer.

Pathophysiology

Etiology
Epidemiology - Its Contribution to Understanding of the Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus
Genetics of Diabetes Mellitus
On the Pathogenesis of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus - A Discussion of Three Recently Proposed Models
Challenging Views on the Pathogenesis of Type I (Insulin-Dependent) Diabetes Mellitus
Islet Amyloid and Type 2 Diabetes
Physiology and Pathophysiology
Insulin Receptor: Role of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase in Insulin Signalling and Action
The Kinetics of Insulin, C-Peptide, and Proinsulin in Normal and Diabetic Man
Cell Biology of Insulin Action on Glucose Transport and Its Perturbation in Diabetes Mellitus
Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Obese and Type II Diabetic Subjects
Abnormal Glucagon Secretion in Type 2 (Noninsulin-Dependent) Diabetes Mellitus: Causes and Consequences
Animal Models
Physiopathology and Possible Etiology of Hormonal Dysregulations and Insulin Resistance in Obese Rats: a Potential Model for Some Human Obesity
Models for Studying Diabetic Complications
Pharmacology
Insulin Analogues - Potentials for Improving Diabetes Treatment
Metabolic Inhibitors in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Inhibitors Influencing Carbohydrate Absorption
Therapy
Comprehensive Approach to the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Why and How to Involve the Diabetic Patient in his Treatment
Prevention of Late Complications
Advanced Non-Enzymatic Tissue Glycosylation: Biochemical Basis of Late Diabetic Complications
Is it Possible to Prevent Late Complications of Diabetes Mellitus?
Recent Aspects of Insulin Therapy
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Intensified Insulin Treatment Strategies
Is Human Insulin Better than Animal Insulin in the Treatmentof Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus?
Specific Problems of Diabetes Mellitus in Youth
Natural History of Diabetes Mellitus in Children
Particular Aspects of the Management of Diabetes in Children
The Pregnant Diabetic
The State of the Art in Diabetic Pregnancy
Relationship Between Maternal Glucose Levels and Congenital Malformations in the Infant of the Diabetic Mother
Pancreas and Islet Transplantation
State of the Art in Pancreas Transplantation
What Future for Islet Transplantation in Man?
Diet
Aims of Diet in Diabetes Management
Practicability of Diet in Diabetes Management
New Aspects of Diabetes Treatment
Induction of Partial Remission and Enhancement of Beta-Cell Function By Cyclosporin in Type I Diabetes
Role of Abnormal Free Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus.