This book provides a comprehensive guide for selective venous sampling procedures and the role of interventional radiologists in the care and treatment of patients with endocrine disorders. Disorders of the endocrine system involve an imbalance in the natural homeostasis of the hormones produced by the glands in the body. There are a variety of endocrine conditions that are characterized by either hormonal hyposecretion or hypersecretion. Percutaneous selective venous sampling is the gold standard diagnostic tool for the medical and surgical management of patients with a variety of such disorders. Selective venous sampling is a minimally invasive interventional procedure that interventional radiologists perform to localize sites of abnormal hormone secretion. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the most used diagnostic imaging modalities in patients with the suspected endocrine disorder; however, their specificity is not optimal, and identifying a culprit gland isdifficult based on imaging findings alone. Therefore, the ultimate decision for management depends on the outcome of selective venous sampling. As these various venous samplings are increasingly performed worldwide, the collaboration between interventional radiology, endocrinology, surgical endocrinology, surgical oncology, neurosurgery, and gynecology teams is essential.

With limited literature on the topic, this volume fills the gap with in-depth coverage of selective venous sampling alongside the pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, as well as medical, surgical, and interventional management of endocrine disorders. The book is divided into five parts: Clinical, Laboratory, and Radiological Diagnosis of Endocrine Disorders; Selective Venous Sampling in Interventional Radiology; Medical Treatment of Endocrine Disorders; Surgical Treatment of Endocrine Disorders; Interventional Treatment of Endocrine Disorders. Throughout these parts, endocrine disorders that require venous sampling are covered in depth: primary aldosteronism, primary hyperparathyroidism, Cushing's disease, hormone-secreting pancreatic adenomas, and androgen-secreting ovarian tumors. There is additionally an emerging role for interventional management in thyroid gland disorders, which is covered here.

This is an ideal guide for interventional radiologists caring for patients with endocrine disorders, as well as endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons, surgical oncologists, otolaryngologists, neurosurgeons, gynecologists, and nephrologists.

PART 1. Clinical & Laboratory Diagnosis of Endocrine Disorders

Clinical Evaluation
Laboratory Evaluation (Clinical Chemistry and Pathology)
PART 2. Selective Venous Sampling in Interventional Radiology
Primary Aldosteronism
Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperandrogenism (Hirsutism)
Cushing's Disease (ACTH-producing Pituitary Adenoma)
Pancreatic Islet tumors (Insulinoma & Gastrinoma)
PART 3: Medical Treatment of Endocrine Disorders
Medical Treatment of Endocrine Disorders
PART 4: Surgical Treatment of Endocrine Disorders
Surgical Treatment of Primary aldosteronism
Surgical Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism
Surgical Treatment of Hyperandrogenism (Hirsutism)
Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic islet cell tumors (insulinoma & gastrinoma)
Surgical Treatment of Cushing's disease (ACTH-producing pituitary tumor)
PART 5: Interventional Treatment of Endocrine Disorders
Interventional Treatment of Adrenal Adenoma with Primary Aldosteronism
Interventional Treatment of Parathyroid Adenoma with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Interventional Treatment of Thyroid Nodule with Hyperthyroidism
Interventional Treatment of Pancreatic Islet Cell Transplantation
Interventional Treatment of Hepatic Endocrine Tumor.