Dieses Lehrbuch führt Studenten verständlich in die Dimensionsanalyse und die Theorie der Ähnlichkeit zur Übertragung von Technikums-Prozessen auf Produktionsanlagen ein. Dem Verfahrenstechniker hilft es bei Konstruktionsproblemen, die mit numerischen Methoden nicht mehr lösbar sind.

1 Dimensional Analysis

1.1 A Brief Historical Survey
1.2 Introduction to Dimensional Analysis
1.3 Fundamentals of Dimensional Analysis
2 Description of a Physical Process with a full Set of Dimensionless Numbers
2.1 The Relevance List for a Problem
2.2 Determination of a Complete Set of Dimensionless Numbers
2.3 The ? Relationship
2.4 Reduction of the Size of the Matrix
2.5 Change of Dimensional Systems
3 Similarity and Scale-up
3.1 Basic Principles of Scale-up
3.2 Experimental Methods for Scale-up
3.3 Scale-up under Conditions of Partial Similarity
4 Treatment of Variable Physical Properties by Dimensional Analysis
4.1 Dimensionless Representation of the Material Function
4.2 The ? set for Variable Physical Properties
4.3 Treatment of non-Newtonian Liquids by Dimensional Analysis
4.4 Treatment of Viscoelastic Liquids by Dimensional Analysis
Examples of Practical Application
A Examples from the Field of Mechanical Unit Operations
Introductory remarks
Example A 1:
Power consumption and mixing time for the homogenization of liquid mixtures. Design principles for stirrers and the determination of optimum conditions (minimum mixing work P?)
Example A 2:
Power consumption in the case of gas/liquid contacting. Design principles for stirrers and model experiments for scale-up
Example A 3:
Power consumption and gas throughput in self-aspirating hollow stirrers. Optimum conditions for P/q = min and an answer to the question whether this type of stirrer is suitable for technical applications
Example A 4:
Mixing of solids in drums with axially operating paddle mixer
Example A 5:
Gas hold-up in bubble columns and its dependenceon geometric, physical and process-related parameters
Example A 6:
Description of theflotation process with the aid of two intermediate quantities
Example A 7:
Preparation of design and scale-up data for mechanical foam breakers without knowledge of the physical properties of the foam
Example A 8:
Description of the temporal course of spin drying in centrifugal filters
Example A 9:
Description of particle separation by means of inertial forces
Example A 10:
Conveying characteristics of single-screw machines for Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids. Optimum conditions (P/q = min) and scale-up
B Examples from the Field of Thermal Unit Operations-Heat and Mass Transfer
Introductory Remarks
Example B1:
Steady-state heat transfer in the mixing vessel at cooling and the optimum conditions for maximum removal of the heat of reaction
Example B2:
Steady-state heat transfer in bubble columns
Example B3:
Time course of temperature equalization in a liquid with temperature-dependent viscosity in the case of free convection
Example B4:
Mass transfer in the gas/liquid system in mixing vessels (bulk aeration) and in biological waste water treatment pools (surface aeration)
Example B5:
Design and scale-up of injectors as gas distributors in bubble columns
Example B6:
Scale-up problems relating to continuous, carrier-free electrophoresis
C Examples from the Field of Chemical Reaction Engineering
Introductory remarks:
Example C1:
Continuous chemical reaction processes in a tubular reactor
1. Homogeneous irreversible reactions of the 1st order
2. Heterogeneous catalytic reactions of the 1st order
Example C2:
Influence of back-mixing (macromixing) on the degree of conversion in continuous chemical reaction operation
Example C 3:
Influence of micro-mixing on selectivity in a continuous chemical reaction process
Example C4:
Mass transfer limitation of the reaction rate of fast chemical reactions in the heterogeneous material system gas/liquid
Important, Named Dimensionless Numbers
A Mechanical Unit Operations
B Thermal Unit Operations (Heat Transfer)
C Thermal Unit Operations (Mass Transfer)
D Chemical Reaction Engineering
References
A Single Topics
B Books and General Treatises
C Examples of Application.