Hypoxia, defined as reduced oxygen tension, is a common physiological phenomenon in both normal embryonic development and malignancy progression. Although severe hypoxia is generally toxic for both normal tissue and tumors, neoplastic cells gradually adapt to prolonged hypoxia though additional genetic and genomic changes with a net result that hypoxia promotes tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Hypoxia promotes cancer progression by regulating various aspects of cancer biology, including radiotherapy resistance, metabolism, angiogenesis and invasion/migration

The HIF-2?-Driven Pseudo-Hypoxic Phenotype in Tumor Aggressiveness, Differentiation, and Vascularization

Hypoxia and Hypoxia Inducible Factors in Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance
Role of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts and Hypoxia in Tumor Progression
The Role of Hypoxia Regulated microRNAs in Cancer
Oxygen Sensing: A Common Crossroad in Cancer and Neurodegeneration
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors as Essential Regulators of Inflammation
Hypoxia and Metastasis in Breast Cancer.