Endoscopic surgery in children is a rapidly expanding field in pediatric surgery. This book represents the state of the art, and explains why endoscopic surgery in children is so important. General aspects are discussed and detailed information is provided on many specific operations both in the chest as well as in the abdomen, including endoscopic treatment of throracic scoliosis, of urogenital conditions, and of neurosurgical conditions. Application of endoscopic techniques in oncology is discussed as well. A special chapter deals with complications.

I Basics

Why Endoscopic Surgery in Children?
Instrumentation
Basic Technique
Ergonomics of Task Performance in Endoscopic Surgery
Training in Paediatric Endoscopic Surgery
Basic Physiology and Anesthesia
II Chest
Thoracoscopy in Infants and Children: Basic Technique
Diagnostic Thoracoscopy in Children
Thoracoscopy in the Treatment of Empyema in Children
Therapeutic Thoracoscopic Procedures in Children: Indications and Surgical Applications in Lung and Mediastinum
Thoracoscopic Repair of Hiatal Hernia in Children
Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Vascular Access
Endoscopic Transthoracic Sympathectomy in the Treatment of Primary Palmar Hyperhidrosis in Children
Video-Asssisted Repair of Esophageal Atresia
III: Abdomen: Diagnostic Laparoscopy
Diagnostic Laparoscopy
Gastrointestinal Tract
Laparoscopic Treatment of Achalasia
Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication in Children
Laparoscopic Toupet Fundoplication
Laparoscopic Thai Fundoplication in Infants and Children
Laparoscopic Gastrostomy
Laparoscopic Antroplasty
Laparoscopic Extramucosal Pyloromyotomy
Laparoscopic Jejunostomy
Laparoscopic Treatment of Anomalies of Intestinal Rotation in Children
Laparoscopic Approach to Intestinal Obstruction in Children
Laparoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Meckel's Diverticulum in Children
Intussusception
Laparoscopic Appendicectomy in Children
Laparoscopic Total Colectomy
Laparoscopic Endorectal Pull-Through
Laparoscopic Removal of the Aganglionic Bowel According to Duhamel-Martin
Treatment of Hirschsprung's Disease by Laparoscopic Dissection of Bowel, Transanal Eversion and Perineal Resection
Liver and Biliary Tree
Endoscopic Surgery for Liver Hydatid Cysts
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Spleen.-Laparoscopic Splenectomy
Diaphragm
Laparoscopic Repair of Diaphragmatic Conditions in Infants and Children
Inguinal Hernia
Contralateral Groin Exploration During Inguinal Hernia Repair
Shunts and Catheters
Laparoscopic Approach to Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts
Laparoscopic Insertion of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters in Children
Complications
Complications in Laparoscopic Surgery in Children
IV Urogenital Tract
Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephrectomy
Videosurgery of the Retroperitoneal Space in Children
The Nonpalpable Testis
Laparoscopic Varicocele
Adnexal Pathology
Laparoscopy and Intersex
V Orthopedics and Neurosurgery
Thoracoscopic Anterior Spinal Diskectomy and Fusion
Indications, Techniques and Results of Pediatric Neuroendoscopy
VI Oncology
Endoscopic Surgery in Paediatric Oncology
VII Conclusion
The Future of Endoscopic Surgery in Children.