Endoscopic surgery has revolutionized pediatric surgery in the past 15 years. Almost all operations that were previously performed through incisions are now completed using endoscopicsurgical techniques. This book mirrors the enormous progress that has been made. It contains 111 chapters, starting with 8 basic chapters, including one on ergonomics, to be followed by 20 chapters on thoracoscopic procedures, including esophageal atresia repair, 41 chapters on endoscopic surgical gastrointestinal, hepatic, pancreatic and splenic procedures, and 30 chapters on endoscopic surgical urology and adrenalectomy. Endoscopic surgery for diaphragmatic pathology, inguinal hernia and obesity is described as well. There is one chapter on thoracoscopic anterior spinal procedures and one on endoscopic access to the fetus. The book deals with endoscopic surgery in oncological conditions and in trauma as well. It has been the intention to produce a practical book with about 1000 drawings and color photographs. All chapters have been written by experts in the field from all over the world and results obtained by them are included in each chapter.

Basics

Why Endoscopic Surgery?
Equipment and Instruments
Robotics
Future Technology
Ergonomics of Task Performance in Endoscopic Surgery
Training in Pediatric Endoscopic Surgery
Physiologic Responses to Endoscopic Surgery
Complications of Endoscopic Surgery in Infants and Children
Neck
Cervicoscopy, a Minimally Invasive Approach for the Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Thymus in Children
Anesthesia for Pediatric Thoracoscopic Surgery
Thoracoscopy in Infants and Children: Basic Techniques
Implantation of a Nuss Bar Under Thoracoscopic Guidance
Thoracoscopic Drainage and Debridement of Empyema
The Thoracoscopic Approach to Pneumothorax in Children
Thoracoscopic Lung Biopsy
Thoracoscopic Lobectomy in Infants and Children
Thoracoscopic Management of Esophageal Duplications, Bronchogenic Cysts, and Extralobar Sequestration
The Role of Thoracoscopy for the Resection of Pulmonary Metastasis
Thoracoscopy and Hydatid Cyst of the Lung
Thoracoscopic Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Infants and Children
Aortosternopexy for Tracheomalacia
Thoracoscopic Venous Vascular Access
Thoracoscopic Treatment of Palmar Hyperhidrosis
Thoracoscopic Treatment of Chylothorax
Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery for Thymectomy
Thoracoscopic Removal of Neurogenic Mediastinal Tumors
The Thoracoscopic Approach to Esophageal Atresia with Distal Fistula
Thoracoscopic Repair of Esophageal Atresia without Fistula
The Thoracoscopic Approach to H Type Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Abdomen
Anesthesia for Pediatric Laparoscopy
The Basics of Laparoscopy
Abdomen
Esophageal Achalasia
Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication
Laparoscopic Fundoplication According to Toupet
Laparoscopic Thal Fundoplication in Infants and Children
Laparoscopic Gastrostomy
Laparoscopic Pyloromyotomy
Laparoscopic Jejunostomy
Laparoscopic Treatment of Duodenal and Jejunal Atresia and Stenosis
Intestinal Malrotation
Laparoscopic Approach in Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction
Laparoscopic Treatment of Meckel's Diverticulum
Laparoscopic Approach to Intussusception
Laparoscopic Treatment of Enteric Duplications and Other Abdominal Cystic Masses
Laparoscopic Continent Appendicostomy in the Management of Fecal Incontinence and Constipation
Laparoscopic Cecostomy and Sigmoidostomy Button
Laparoscopic Appendectomy in Children
Laparoscopic Management of Crohn's Disease
Total Colectomy with J Pouch
Hand-assisted Colectomy
Endorectal Pull-through for Hirschsprung's Disease
Laparoscopic-assisted Treatment of Hirschsprung's Disease According to Duhamel
Laparoscopic Rectopexy
Georgeson's Procedure: Laparoscopically Assisted Anorectoplasty for High Anorectal Malformations
Laparoscopy in the Treatment of Female Infants with Anorectal Malformations
Abdomen
Laparoscopic Treatment of Hydatid Disease of the Liver
Laparoscopic Liver Surgery
Laparoscopic Kasai Portoenterostomy for Biliary Atresia
Laparoscopic Excision of Choledochal Cyst with Hepaticojejunostomy
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Abdomen
Splenectomy
Partial Splenectomies by Laparoscopy in Children
Abdomen
Laparoscopic Approaches to the Pancreas
Laparoscopic Approach in Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia in Infancy
Abdomen
Laparoscopy and Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts
Endoscopic Surgery for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters in Children
Abdomen
Abdominal Trauma
Abdomen
Laparoscopy for Pediatric Abdominal Malignancies
Abdomen
Chronic Abdominal Pain of Childhood
Abdomen
Laparoscopic Approach to Sacrococcygeal Teratomas
Abdomen
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding in Adolescents
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: Principles and Procedures
Diaphragm
Laparoscopic Treatment of Morgagni-Larrey Diaphragmatic Hernia
Thoracoscopy for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Laparoscopic Repair of Diaphragmatic Defects: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (of Bochdalek) and Eventration
Abdominal Wall
Laparosc