Endoscopy is firmly established as a major technology for investigation and therapy in a wide range of disciplines. The field of otolaryngology or head and neck surgery owes its existence to the very special difficulties of examining the dark recesses of the head and neck. Therefore, this field has been at the forefront of developing endoscopic techniques for use in this anatomic area. While rhinologists have been quick to embrace the endoscope in the management of sinus disorders, otologists and skull base surgeons have been less than enthusiastic despite the vast range of possible applications in this area.

In this book the authors consider the new field of application of endoscope technology in neuro-otology and skull base surgery.

Dr. Sanna is part of The Grupppo Otologico, a world-renowned specialist center for the diagnosis and medical and surgical treatment of diseases of the ear, skull base, facial nerve, head and neck, and paranasal sinuses.

<p><strong>CHAPTER I ENDOSCOPE TECHNOLOGY</strong><br>Introduction<br>History of the Cerebellopontine Angle Endoscopy<br>Endoscope Technology<br>Material<br>Concept of Minimally Invasive Neurotologic Surgery<br><strong>CHAPTER II ENDOSCOPIC ANATOMY OF THE CEREBELLOPONTINE ANGLE AND ADJACENT STRUCTURES</strong><br>Posterior View of the Cerebellopontine Angle<br>Trigeminal Area<br>The Acousticofacial Nerve Bundle<br>Lower Cranial Nerve Area<br>Foramen Magnum<br>Superior View of the Cerebellopontine Angle<br>The Intracanicular Part of the Acoustico Facial Nerve Bundle<br>The Cerebellopontine Portion of the Acoustico Facial Nerve Bundle<br>Anterior to the Acousticofacial Nerve Bundle<br>Inferior to the Acousticofacial Nerve Bundle<br><strong>III MICROSCOPIC AND ENDOSCOPIC NEUROTOLOGIC SURGERY</strong><br>Incapacitating Vertigo<br>Hemifacial Spasm<br>Trigeminal Neuralgia<br>Acoustic Neuroma<br>Lower Cranial Nerve Neuroma<br>Cholesteatoma</p>