The annual Evolutionary Biology Meetings in Marseilles serve to gather leading evolutionary biologists and other scientists using evolutionary biology concepts, e.g. for medical research. The aims of these meetings are to promote the exchange of ideas and to encourage interdisciplinary collaborations.

This book collects 19 selected contributions presented at the 15^th meeting, which took place in September 2011. It starts with a description of the life and work of J.B.S. Haldane, a remarkable evolutionary biologist of the 20^th century. The remaining chapters are grouped under the following three themes:

· New Concepts in Evolutionary Biology

· Macroevolution: Mechanisms and Trends

· Genome Evolution

Offering an up-to-date overview of recent results in the field of evolutionary biology, this book is an invaluable source of information for scientists, teachers and advanced students.

The life and work of J.B.S. Haldane

Cultural cladistics and the early history of North America
Effects of random and selective mass extinction on community composition in communities of digital organisms
Co-evolution of gene families - models, algorithms, and systems biology
Molecular phylogenetic trees
Protein aggregation acts as strong constraint during evolution
Evolution of cellular pattern formation during early nematode embryogenesis
Environmental regulation of floral color
Variable risk and the evolution of defense repertoire of the tupelo leafminer
Reconstruction of the adaptively advantages macro-evolutionary events in the mutualistic symbioses
Trends of the herbs ecological evolution
Polymorphism and adaptation of primate colour vision
Horizontal gene transfer in influenza strain generation: a comparative evolutionary study
The repetitive landscape of sauropsid genomes
Evolution of viviparity and genomic imprinting in mammals by retrotransposons
Functional retrogenes in animal genomes
Evolution of multipartite genomes in Prokaryotes
Differentiation of CACTA-like elements in Arabidopsis
Alternative splicing as a source of phenotypic differences between species: protein-level mechanisms.