1;Preface;6 2;Contents;10 3;Chapter 1: What Is the Story to be Told?;12 3.1;1.1 The Encyclopedia of Life: Noah´s Ark Digitized;12 3.2;1.2 Natural Theology and the Doctrine of Intelligent Design;15 3.3;1.3 The Impact of Modern Philosophy of Science;17 3.4;1.4 An Outline and Some Historical Context;18 4;Chapter 2: The Problem of Change;22 4.1;2.1 Change in a Created World;22 4.2;2.2 The Problem of Change;25 4.3;2.3 The Distinction of Essential and Accidental Properties;27 4.4;2.4 Embryos and the Problem of Change in Organisms;29 4.5;2.5 Charles Bonnet and His Understanding of Evolution;34 5;Chapter 3: Changing World Views;38 5.1;3.1 Robert Chambers (1802-1871);39 5.2;3.2 Maupertuis´ Studies of Patterns of Inheritance;41 5.3;3.3 Trembley´s Experiments with the Freshwater Polyp;43 5.4;3.4 Georges Buffon´s Evolving World;47 5.5;3.5 Chamber´s ``Vestiges´´: An Evolutionary World View;51 5.6;3.6 The First Cause and Secondary Causes;58 5.7;3.7 A World of Pre-Established Harmony;63 6;Chapter 4: Stemming the Tide of Change;70 6.1;4.1 Hugh Miller (1802-1856);70 6.2;4.2 Georges Cuvier and Louis Agassiz: Experts on Fossil Fishes;72 6.3;4.3 Miller´s Attack on Transformationism;76 6.4;4.4 Miller´s Concept of ``Proper Science´´;81 6.5;4.5 Karl Ernst von Baer and the Importance of Embryology;85 6.6;4.6 Intelligent Design and the Four Aristotelian Causes;87 7;Chapter 5: A Matter of (Natural) Laws;92 7.1;5.1 The Metaphor of the Two Books;93 7.2;5.2 Ethics in Nature;95 7.3;5.3 Universal Laws of Nature;97 7.4;5.4 Lawful Development and the Doctrine of Pre-Existence;99 7.5;5.5 Universal Laws and Genuine Change;102 7.6;5.6 Description vs. Explanatory Laws;106 7.7;5.7 Darwin´s Law of the ``Higgledy-Higgledy´´;112 7.8;5.8 Darwin´s Test of Evolutionary Theory;119 8;Chapter 6: The ``Law of Superposition´´;122 8.1;6.1 The Superposition of Fossils;123 8.2;6.2 Systematics and the Classification of Organisms;126 8.3;6.3 Ideal vs. Natural Systems;128 8.4;6.4 Artificial vs. Natural Kinds;132 8.5;6.5 William Whewell´s ``Consilience of the Evidence´´;138 9;Chapter 7: Respectable Science: What Is It?;145 9.1;7.1 The Definition of Science;146 9.2;7.2 Ludwig Wittgenstein and the ``Verification Principle´´;148 9.3;7.3 The Illusion of ``Theory-Free Observation´´;151 9.4;7.4 Karl Popper´s Demarcation of Science from Metaphysics;153 9.5;7.5 Thomas S. Kuhn and the Social Nature of Science;158 9.6;7.6 Paul Feyerabend and Epistemological Anarchism;164 9.7;7.7 The Pessimistic View of Science: Reviewed;167 9.8;7.8 Description and Explanation: Again;176 10;Chapter 8: Linking the Facts: Tracing the Traces;179 10.1;8.1 The Problem of the ``Uniformity of Nature´´;180 10.2;8.2 Popper´s Failure to Solve the ``Problem of Induction´´;183 10.3;8.3 Abductive Inference: The Mouse in the Wainscoting;186 10.4;8.4 Darwin: A Master of Abductive Inference;188 10.5;8.5 Darwin and the Importance of Embryology;194 10.6;8.6 Clinching the Argument for Evolution;197 11;Index;203