1;Foreword;5 2;Preface;6 3;Contents;8 4;Solid Organ Transplantation: Past, Present, and Future Challenges;9 4.1;1.1 Historical Overview;9 4.2;1.2 Organ Procurement for Transplantation;10 4.3;1.3 Patient Selection for Transplantation;11 4.4;1.4 Immune Responses to Allografts/ Xenotransplantation;12 4.5;1.5 Role of Imaging in Transplantation;13 4.6;1.6 Ethical and Economical Issues in Organ Transplantation;15 4.7;References;16 5;Heart Transplantation;18 5.1;2.1 Epidemiological, Clinical and Surgical Considerations;18 5.1.1;2.1.1 History and Epidemiology;18 5.1.2;2.1.2 Pre- Surgical Evaluation: Recipient Evaluation and Selection;19 5.1.3;2.1.3 Operation;21 5.1.4;2.1.4 Perioperative Complications and Problems;30 5.1.5;2.1.5 Cardiac Retransplantation;31 5.1.6;2.1.6 Strategies of Immunosuppression;31 5.1.7;2.1.7 Endomyocardial Biopsy, Acute and Chronic Rejection;32 5.1.8;2.1.8 Infections After Cardiac Transplantation;33 5.1.9;2.1.9 Long- Term Survival After Heart Transplantation;34 5.1.10;2.1.10 Conclusion;35 5.1.11;References;35 5.2;2.2 Imaging in Heart Transplantation;39 5.2.1;2.2.1 Introduction;39 5.2.2;2.2.2 Complications of Cardiac Transplantation - An Overview ;40 5.2.3;2.2.3 Cardiac Transplantation - The Pre-Surgical Evaluation;40 5.2.4;2.2.4 Cardiac Transplantation - Overview of the Operation;41 5.2.5;2.2.5 Cardiac Transplantation - The Immediate Post- Surgical Period;42 5.2.6;2.2.6 Cardiac Transplantation - The First Year;43 5.2.7;2.2.7 Infection;46 5.2.8;2.2.8 Cardiac Transplantation - After 1 Year;51 5.2.9;2.2.9 Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy of the Coronary Arteries;52 5.2.10;2.2.10 Post- Transplant Malignancy;53 5.2.11;2.2.11 Other Complications of Therapy;54 5.2.12;References;55 6;Renal Transplantation: Epidemiological, Clinical, Radiological and Surgical Considerations;57 6.1;3.1 Epidemiological Considerations;57 6.2;3.2 Presurgical Evaluations;58 6.3;3.3 Current Surgical Techniques;60 6.4;3.4 Radiological Assessment of the Graft;61 6.5;3.5 Early Postoperative Phase;64 6.6;3.6 Long- Term Follow- Up;91 6.7;3.7 Emergent Imaging Techniques;97 6.8;References;101 7;Liver Transplantation;105 7.1;4.1 Epidemiological, Clinical and Surgical Considerations;105 7.1.1;4.1.1 Introduction;105 7.1.2;4.1.2 Epidemiology and Indications for Liver Transplantation;105 7.1.3;4.1.3 Preoperative Evaluation;107 7.1.4;4.1.4 Postoperative Phase: Early Postoperative Complications;110 7.1.5;4.1.5 Long- Term Follow- Up: Late Complications;113 7.1.6;4.1.6 Conclusions;115 7.1.7;References;115 7.2;4.2 Imaging of Liver Transplantation;116 7.2.1;4.2.1 Introduction ;116 7.2.2;4.2.2 Surgical Anatomy;116 7.2.3;4.2.3 Imaging Modalities;119 7.2.4;4.2.4 Recipients;120 7.2.5;4.2.5 Donors;132 7.2.6;References;139 8;Lung Transplantation;143 8.1;5.1 Epidemiological, Clinical and Surgical Considerations;143 8.1.1;5.1.1 Introduction;143 8.1.2;5.1.2 Pretransplant Evaluation and Imaging;146 8.1.3;5.1.3 Imaging During the First 3 Months After Transplantation;147 8.1.4;5.1.4 Complications;147 8.1.5;5.1.5 Long- Term Follow- Up;152 8.1.6;5.1.6 Imaging of Interventional Complications;155 8.1.7;References;155 8.2;5.2 Imaging of Lung Transplantation;157 8.2.1;5.2.1 Introduction;157 8.2.2;5.2.2 Preoperative Imaging;160 8.2.3;5.2.3 Postoperative Complications;160 8.2.4;References;174 9;Bone Marrow Transplantation;180 9.1;6.1 Hematopoietic Transplantation;180 9.1.1;6.1.1 Introduction;180 9.1.2;6.1.2 History;181 9.1.3;6.1.3 Indications;182 9.1.4;6.1.4 Transplantation Technique;182 9.1.5;6.1.5 Transplant Complications;185 9.1.6;6.1.6 Results;188 9.1.7;6.1.7 Future Developments;189 9.1.8;References;189 9.2;6.2 Imaging in Bone Marrow Transplantation;190 9.2.1;6.2.1 Introduction;190 9.2.2;6.2.2 Clinical Considerations;191 9.2.3;6.2.3 Integrating Clinical Factors, Imaging Findings, and Other Diagnostic Procedures;191 9.2.4;6.2.4 Infectious Complications;193 9.2.5;6.2.5 Non- Infectious Complications;200 9.2.6;6.2.6 Conclusion;209 9.2.7;References;209 10;Imaging in Pancreas and Inte