1;Preface;5 2;Contents;6 3;List of Contributors;18 4;General Aspects;23 4.1;Approach to the Febrile Patient in the Intensive Care Unit;24 4.2;Cardiovascular Monitoring in Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock;32 4.3;Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Infection;43 4.4;Opportunistic Infections in the Intensive Care Unit: A Microbiologic Overview;50 4.5;Infections in Critically Ill Solid Organ Transplant Recipients;56 4.6;HIV in the Intensive Care Unit;72 4.7;Fungal Infections;86 4.8;Using Protocols To Improve the Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients with Infection: Focus on Ventilator- Associated Pneumonia and Severe Sepsis;99 4.9;Microbial Surveillance in the Intensive Care Unit;106 5;Use of Anti- infective Therapy in Critically Ill Patients;111 5.1;Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in the Intensive Care Unit;112 5.2;Antifungal Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit;119 5.3;Dose Adjustment and Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock;141 5.4;Prescription of Antimicrobial Agents in Patients Undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy;166 5.5;Methods for Implementing Antibiotic Control in the Intensive Care Unit;178 5.6;Use of Antibiotics in Pregnant Patients in the Intensive Care Unit;187 5.7;Immunomodulation in Sepsis;202 5.8;Antibiotic Induced Diarrhea;210 6;Infection Control/ Epidemiology;216 6.1;Fundamentals of Infection Control and Strategies for the Intensive Care Unit;217 6.2;Antibiotic Resistance in the Intensive Care Unit;230 6.3;Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Intensive Care Unit;236 6.4;How To Control MRSA Spread in the Intensive Care Unit;244 6.5;Epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii in the Intensive Care Unit;251 6.6;Bloodstream Infections and Infection Disease Emergencies;258 7;Brain Abscess;259 7.1;Falciparum Malaria;268 7.2;Toxic Shock Syndromes;279 7.3;Acute Infective Endocarditis;287 7.4;Influenza;300 7.5;Bloodstream Infection in the Intensive Care Unit;308 7.6;Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Total Parenteral Nutrition Catheters;319 7.7;Hemodialysis Catheter- Related Infections;329 7.8;Infection of Pulmonary Arterial and Peripheral Arterial Catheters;340 7.9;Prevention of Catheter- Related Bloodstream Infections in Critical Care Patients;349 7.10;Meningococcemia;357 7.11;Septic Shock;388 8;Respiratory Infections;399 8.1;Tracheobronchitis in the Intensive Care Unit;400 8.2;Severe Community- Acquired Pneumonia;409 8.3;Legionnaires' Disease;419 8.4;Adjunctive and Supportive Measures for Community- Acquired Pneumonia;428 8.5;Respiratory Infection in Immunocompromised Neutropenic Patients;435 8.6;Pneumonia in Non- Neutropenic Immuno- compromised Patients;442 8.7;Community- Acquired Respiratory Complications in the Intensive Care Unit: Pneumonia and Acute Exacerbations of COPD;450 8.8;Management of Hospital- Associated Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit;464 8.9;Assessment of Resolution of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia;471 8.10;Invasive Devices in the Pathogenesis of Nosocomial Pneumonia;481 9;Infections with Surgical Implications;490 9.1;Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome;491 9.2;Sepsis in Obstetrics;502 9.3;Diagnosis and Management of Intra- abdominal Sepsis;508 9.4;Surgical Site Infection Control in the Critical Care Environment;523 9.5;Severe Soft Tissue Infections: A Syndrome- Based Approach;535 9.6;Vascular Graft Infections;545 9.7;Acute Mediastinitis;556 9.8;Pancreatic Infection;569 9.9;Urinary Tract Infections;581 9.10;Neurosurgical Infections in Intensive Care Unit Patients;595 9.11;Biliary Tract Infections;609 10;Subject Index;620