1;Preface;5 2;List of Contents;7 3;List of Contributors;9 4;Part I: Reflections;10 4.1;How to Chase a Red Herring and Come up with a Smallmouth Bass;11 4.2;Interferon Research BC (Before Cloning);16 4.3;Purification and Cloning of Interferon Alpha;30 5;Part II: Interferons and Their Signaling Pathways;45 5.1;Type I Interferon: The Ever Unfolding Story;46 5.2;The Receptor of the Type I Interferon Family;76 5.3;IFN-. : Recent Advances in Understanding Regulationof Expression, Biological Functions, and Clinical Applications;101 5.4;Cell Type-Specific Signaling in Response to Interferon-y;122 5.5;Interferon Research: Impact on Understanding Transcriptional Control;158 6;Part III: Recognition of Pathogens, Molecular Mechanism of Interferon Beta Induction;167 6.1;TLR-Mediated Activation of Type I IFN During Antiviral Immune Responses: Fighting the Battle to Win the War;168 6.2;Regulation of Antiviral Innate Immune Responses by RIG- I Family of RNA Helicases;194 6.3;Beyond Double-Stranded RNA-Type I IFN Induction by 3pRNA and Other Viral Nucleic Acids;207 7;Part IV: Interferon-Induced Genes;231 7.1;The Interferon-Stimulated Genes: Targets of Direct Signaling by Interferons, Double- Stranded RNA, and Viruses;232 8;Part IV: Interferon-Induced Genes;250 8.1;Structure and Function of the Protein Kinase R;251 9;Part V: Virus Defense;291 9.1;Viral Regulation and Evasion of the Host Response;292 9.2;Pathogenic Viruses: Smart Manipulators of the Interferon System;311 10;Part VI: Role of Interferon in Viral Infection and Autoimmunity;331 10.1;Type I Interferon During Viral Infections: Multiple Triggers for a Multifunctional Mediator;332 10.2;Type I Interferon in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus;353 11;Index;381