This book gathers the proceedings of the 17^th International Conference on Intracranial Pressure and Neuromonitoring, held in Leuven, Belgium in September 2019. It provides an overview of the current understanding, underlying research and future perspectives concerning pathophysiology, biophysics, monitoring and management in traumatic and non-traumatic acute brain injury, hydrocephalus and spinal cord injury, including cerebrovascular autoregulation impairment in neurological as well as non-neurological diseases. The peer-reviewed contributions were prepared by specialists in neurosurgery, neurointensive care and neuroanesthesiology, as well as prominent experts from the fields of physiology, clinical and biomedical engineering, mathematics and informatics. The book continues the time-honored tradition of publishing key presentations from the ICP Conferences in order to facilitate their dissemination within the clinical and research community.

PART I ~ NEUROMONITORING AND MANAGEMENT IN ADULT TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 1 ~ 1129 Microcirculatory Biomarkers of Secondary Cerebral Ischemia at Traumatic Brain Injury.- 2 ~ 1165 Visualisation of ICP Insults After Severe TBI; Influence of Individualised Limits of Reactivity.- 3 ~ 1178 Pressure Challenge Impact on Cerebral Critical Closing Pressure and Effective CPP in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.- 4 ~ 1204 Semi-automated CT Volumetry as Proxy for Intracranial Pressure in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinical Feasibility Study.- 5 ~ 1224 The Error and Consequences of Inaccurate Estimation of Mean Blood Flow Velocity in Cerebral Arteries.- 6 ~ 1235 Analysis of Association Between Lung Function and Brain Tissue Oxygen Tension in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.- 7 ~ 1246 A Comparison of Two ICP Calculation Methods and Their Effects on Mean-ICP and ICP Dose.- 8 ~ 1263 External Hydrocephalus After Traumatic Brain Injury: Retrospective Study of 102 Patients.- 9 ~ 1288 Analyzing Cardio-Cerebral Crosstalks in an Adult Cohort from CENTER-TBI.- 10 ~ 1308 Cerebrovascular Consequences of Elevated Intracranial Pressure After Traumatic Brain Injury.- PART II ~ NEUROMONITORING AND MANAGEMENT IN ADULT NON-TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 11 ~ 1130 The Assessment of Cerebral Autoregulation in the Perifocal Zone of a Chronic Subdural Hematoma.- 12 ~ 1210 Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Chronic Stroke Patients with Sedentary Behavior - Pilot Study.- 13 ~ 1291 Investigating Changes in Intracranial Pressure Waveform Morphology in Patients with Ventriculitis Using Clustering.- 14 ~ 1292 Perioperative Dynamics of Intracranial B-waves of Blood Flow Velocity in Basal Cerebral Arteries in Patients with Brain Arteriovenous Malformation.- PART III ~ NEUROMONITORING AND MANAGEMENT IN ADULT MIXED BRAIN INJURY POPULATIONS 15 ~ 1139 The Effect of Hyperthermia on the Intracranial Pressure and Cerebral Autoregulation in Patients with Acute Brain Injury.- 16 ~ 1194 A Comparative Study on the Effect of Early Versus Late Cranioplasty in Cognitive Function.- 17 ~ 1195 Effect of Cranioplasty After Decompressive Craniectomy in Traumatic Versus Non Traumatic Brain Injury on Neurological Function and Cerebral Hemodynamics.- 18 ~ 1221 Brain Multimodal Monitoring in Severe Acute Brain Injury: Is It Relevant for Outcome and Mortality?.- 19 ~ 1239 Long-term Outcome After Decompressive Craniectomy in a Developing Country.- 20 ~ 1357 Predictors of Successful Extubation in Neurocritical Patients.- PART IV ~ NEUROMONITORING AND MANAGEMENT IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION 21 ~ 1160 Impaired Autoregulation Following Resuscitation Correlates to Outcome in Pediatric Patients: A Pilot Study.- 22 ~ 1171 Brain Biomarkers in Children After Mild and Severe Brain Traumatic Injury.- 23 ~ 1200 Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension in Children.- 24 ~ 1214 The Use of Direct ICP and Brain Tissue Oxygen Monitoring in the Perioperative Management of Patients with Moyamoya Disease.- PART V ~ NEUROMONITORING TECHNOLOGY 25 ~ 1118 Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Threshold for Increased Intracranial Pressure Are Not Related to Sex and Age in Traumatic Brain Injury.- 26 ~ 1120 A Noninvasive Method for Monitoring Intracranial Pressure During Postural Changes.- 27 ~ 1187 Arterial and Venous Cerebrovascular Flow Velocities Coupling in Healthy Volunteers and Traumatic Brain Injured Patients.- 28 ~ 1309 Comparison of Waveforms Between Non-invasive and Invasive ICP Monitoring.- PART VI ~ CEREBROVASCULAR AUTOREGULATION IN ACUTE BRAIN INJURY AND CARDIAC SURGERY 29 ~ 1169 An Update on the COGiTATE Phase II Study: Feasibility and Safety of Targeting an Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure as a Patient-Tailored Therapy in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.- 30 ~ 1223 Quick Assessment of the Low Limit of Autoregulation (LLA) with the Transcranial Doppler During Cardiac Surgery.- 31 ~ 1231 Influence of Patient Demographics on Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Following Traumatic Brain Injury.- 32 ~ 1261 Secondary Cerebral Ischemia at Traumatic Brain Injury is More Closely Related to Cerebrovascular Reactivity Impairment than to Intracranial Hypertension.- 33 ~ 1265 Usability of the Non-invasive Counterparts of Traditional Autoregulation Indices in Traumatic Brain Injury.- 34 ~ 1303 Patient's Clinical Presentation and CPPopt Yield Availability: Any Association?.- 35 ~ 1304 Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Based on Intracranial Pressure Derived Indices of Cerebrovascular Reactivity - Which One Is Better for Outcome Prediction in Moderate/Severe Traumatic Brain Injury?.- 36 ~ 1305 Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Assessed with a Multi-window Weighted Approach Adapted for Prospective Use: A Validation Study.- 37 ~ 1312 Monitoring of CerebroVascular Reactivity in Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Its Relation With Survival.- PART VII ~ NEUROINFORMATICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 38 ~ 1133 Spectral Cerebral Blood Volume Accounting for Non-Invasive Estimation of Changes in Cerebral Perfusion Pressure in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.- 39 ~ 1145 Empirical Mode Decomposition Based Method for Artefact Removal in Raw Intracranial Pressure Signals.- 40 ~ 1148 RAQ - A Noise-Resistant Calibration-Independent Compliance Surrogate.- 41 ~ 1158 Methodological Consideration on Monitoring Refractory Intracranial Hypertension and Autonomic System Activity.- 42 ~ 1202 An Evaluation of Software for the Automated Measurement of Adherence to the ICP-Monitoring Threshold Guideline.- 43 ~ 1225 Time Series Analysis and Prediction of ICP Using Time Varying Dynamic Linear Models.- 44 ~ 1236 Automatic Pulse Classification for Artefact Removal Using SAX Strings, a CENTER-TBI study.- 45 ~ 1290 DeepClean -Self-Supervised Artefact Rejection for Intensive Care Waveform Data Using Deep Generative Learning.- 46 ~ 1296 Comparison of Two Algorithms Analysing the Intracranial Pressure Curve in Accuracy of Their Start-Point Detection and Resistance to Artefacts.- 47 ~ 1297 Plateau Waves of Intracranial Pressure: Methods for Automatic Detection and Prediction.- 48 ~ 1321 Python-Embedded Plugin Implementation in ICM+: Novel Tools for Neuromonitoring Time Series Analysis with Examples Using CENTER-TBI Datasets.- PART VIII ~ LABORATORY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH 49 ~ 1146 Physical Model for Investigating Intracranial Pressure with Clinical Pressure Sensors and Diagnostic Ultrasound - Preliminary Results.- 50 ~ 1282 Augmented Reality Assisted Neurosurgical Drain Placement (ARANED) - Technical Note.- 51 ~ 1285 Lower Limit of Reactivity Assessed with PRx in an Experimental Setting.- 52 ~ 1295 Analysis of the ICP Pulse-Pressure Relationship: Experimental Validation.- 53 ~ 1302 Cerebrovascular Impedance During Hemodynamic Change in Rabbits: A Pilot Study.- 54 ~ 1306 Improved Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Microcirculation by Drag Reducing Polymer-Enforced Resuscitation Fluid After TBI and Hemorrhagic Shock.- 55 ~ 1333 Critical Closing Pressure by Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy in a Neonatal Piglet Model.- PART IX ~ HYDROCEPHALUS & CSF BIOPHYSICS 56 ~ 1121 Diffusion and Flow MR Imaging to Investigate Hydrocephalus Patients Before and After Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy.- 57 ~ 1134 Lower Breakpoint of Intracranial Amplitude-Pressure Relationship in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- 58 ~ 1140 Single Center Experience in Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics Testing.- 59 ~ 1149 Why Hydrocephalus Patients Suffer When the Weather Changes. A New Hypothesis.- 60 ~ 1177 Transcranial Doppler Plateau Wave in a Patient with Pseudo-Chiari Malformation.- 61 ~ 1213 Telemetric ICP: A Snapshot Does Not Give the FullStory.- 62 ~ 1266 Non-invasive ICP Assessment in Patients with Suspected Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.- 63 ~ 1267 Should the Impact of Postural Change of Intracranial Pressure After Surgical Repair of Skull Base CSF Leaks Be Considered? A Preliminary Survey.- 64 ~ 1268 Assessment of Pressure-Volume Index During Lumbar Infusion Study: What Is the Optimal Method?.- 65 ~ 1269 Postural Regulation of Intracranial Pressure: A Critical Review of the Literature.- 66 ~ 1271 Differences in CSF Dynamics in Post-traumatic Hydrocephalus Versus Atrophy, Including Effect of Decompression and Cranioplasty.- 67 ~ 1325 Global Cerebral Autoregulation, Resistance to CSF Outflow and Cerebrovascular Burden in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- 68 ~ 1326 Comparison of Assessment for Shunting with Infusion Studies Versus Extended Lumbar Drainage in Suspected Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- 69 ~ 1327 The Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Diagnosis and Shunt Prognostication.- PART X ~ SPINAL CORD INJURY 70 ~ 1170 Safety and Feasibility of Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure and Intra-Spinal Pressure Studies in Cervical Stenosis: A Case Series.