Vesicoureteral Reflux

A. Definition of Reflux
B. Anatomy of the Ureterovesical Junction
C. Innervation
D. Physiology of the Ureterovesical Valve
E. Pathology of the Ureterovesical Junction
F. Classification of Reflux by Etiology
G. Etiology of Nonocclusive Ureteral Dilatation (Megaloureter)
H. Incidence of Reflux
I. Effects of Reflux
J. The Role of the Ureterovesical Junction in the Pathogenesis of Pyelonephritis
K. The Treatment of Reflux and its Complications
References
Anomalies of the Kidney
I. Agenesis
II. Hypoplasia
III. Cystic Disease
IV. Fusion Anomalies of the Kidney
V. Ectopia of the Kidney
VI. Anomalies of Rotation
VII. Anomalies of the Vessels
VIII. Supernumerary Kidney
IX. Cystic Disease of the Renal Pyramids
X. Anomalies of the Renal Pelvis
Acknowledgments
References
Anomalies of the Ureter
A. Multiplication, Ectopia and Ureterocele
B. Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction
C. Unusual Positions of the Ureter
D. Agenesis, Aplasia, Blind Ending
E. Congenital Dilatation of the Ureter
F. Twists, Kinks, Congenital Diverticula, Blockage by Vessels
References
Congenital Abnormalities of the Bladder
A. Development of the Bladder
B. Congenital Abnormalities of the Bladder
References
Anomalies of the Bladder Neck
Anomalies of the Bladder Neck
The Normal Bladder Neck
Cinefluorographic Appearance of Normal Bladder Outlets During Micturition
Dilatation of the Urethra Distal to Wide Bladder Necks
Bladder Neck Dysfunction
Errors in Diagnosis and Management
The Roentgen Appearance of the Normal Male Bladder Neck
Bladder Neck Dysfunction in the Male
Bladder Neck Dysfunction Accompanying Posterior Urethral Valves
Summary
References
Anomalies of the Urethra
I. Introduction
II.Congenital Absence of the Urethra
III. Meatal Stenosis
IV. Distal Urethral Stenosis
V. Congenital Urethral Stricture
VI. Congenital Valves of the Female Urethra
VII. Congenital Hypertrophy of the Verumontanum
VIII. Anterior Urethral Valves
IX. Diverticula of the Anterior Urethra
X. Double Urethra and Accessory Urethra
XI. Posterior Urethral Valves
References
Anomalies of the Male Genitalia
A. The Undescended Testicle
B. Other Abnormalities of the Testicle
C. Appendages of the Testicle, Epididymis and Cord
D. Anomalies of the Tunics of the Testicle and Scrotum
E. Epididymis
F. Vas Deferens
G. Prostate
H. Seminal Vesicles
References
Hypospadias
Embryology and Morphology
Incidence
Female Hypospadias
Therapeutic Principles
Techniques for Correction of Chordec
Position of New Meatus
Basic Types of Urethroplasty
General Results
Personal Experiences
Complications
References
Anomalies of the Female Genitalia
I. Anomalies of the Vulva and Vagina
II. Anomalies of the Mullerian Ducts
III. Anomalies of the Ovary
References
The Intersex States
I. Criteria of Sex
II. The Definition and Classification of Hermaphroditism
III. Ovarian Agenesis and Dysgenesis
IV. True Hermaphroditism
V. Klinefelter's Syndrome
VI. Double X Males
VII. Multiple X Syndromes
VIII. Female Hermaphroditism Due to Congential Adrenal Hyperplasia
IX. Female Hermaphroditism without Progressive Masculinization
X. Male Hermaphroditism
XI. Differential Diagnosis of Infants with Ambiguous Genitalia
XII. The Treatment of Hermaphroditism
References
Author Index.