Methods to Study Litter Decomposition
A Practical Guide
Methods to Study Litter Decomposition
A Practical Guide
The primary objective of this book is to provide students and laboratory instructors at universities and professional ecologists with a broad range of established methods to study plant litter decomposition. Detailed protocols for direct use in the field or laboratory are presented in an easy to follow step-by-step format. A short introduction to each protocol reviews the ecological significance and principles of the technique and points to key references.
<p>Preface</p><p>Foreword</p><p>Part 1. Litter dynamics</p><p> </p><p>1. Litter Input (Arturo Elosegi & Jesús Pozo)</p><p>2. Leaf Retention (Arturo Elosegi)</p><p>3. Manipulating Litter Retention in Streams (Michael Dobson)</p><p>4. Coarse Benthic Organic Matter (Jesús Pozo & Arturo Elosegi)</p><p>5. Leaching (Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>6. Leaf Mass Loss Estimated by the Litter-Bag Technique (Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>7. Determining Litter Mass Loss by the Plant Tagging Approach (Kevin A. Kuehn & Mark O. Gessner)</p><p>8. Wood Decomposition (Arturo Elosegi, Maite Arroita & Libe Solagaistua)</p><p>9. Decomposition of Fine Particulate Organic Matter (Yoshimura Chihiro)</p>10. Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Budgets (Jesús Pozo & Jon Molinero)<p></p><p> </p><p>Part 2. Chemical and Physical Leaf Properties</p><p> </p><p>11. Total Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Carbon in Leaf Litter (Mogens R. Flindt, Ana I. Lillebø, Javier Pérez & Verónica Ferreira)</p><p>12. Total Protein (Mark O. Baerlocher)</p><p>13. Free Amino Acids (Shawn D. Mansfield & Mark O. Baerlocher)</p><p>14. Determination of Total Carbohydrates (Shawn D. Mansfield)</p><p>15. Determination of Soluble Carbohydrates (Letitia da Ros, Faride Unda, Shawn D. Mansfield) </p><p>16. Total Lipids (Mark O. Gessner & Paul T. M. Neumann)</p><p>17. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Decomposing Leaf Litter (Eric Von Elert)</p><p>18. Total Phenolics (Felix Bärlocher & Manuel A.S. Graça)</p><p>19. Radial Diffusion Assay for Tannins (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>20. Acid Butanol Assay to Determine Bulk Concentrations of Condensed Tannins (Mark O. Gessner & Daniel Steiner)</p><p>21. Lignin and Cellulose (Mark O. Gessner)</p><p>22. Physical Litter Properties: Leaf Toughness and Tensile Strength (Manuel A.S. Graça & Martin Zimmer)</p><p> </p><p>Part 3. Microbial Decomposers</p><p> </p><p>23. Techniques for Handling Ingoldian Fungi (Enrique Descals)</p><p>24. Maintenance of Aquatic Hyphomycete Cultures (Ludmila Marvanová)</p><p>25. An Illustrated Key to the Common Temperate Species of Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Vladislav Gulis, Ludmila Marvanová & Enrique Descals)</p><p>26. Sporulation by Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>27. Ergosterol as a Measure of Fungal Biomass (Mark O. Gessner)</p><p>28. Fungal Growth Rates and Production (Keller Suberkropp, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn)</p><p>29. Bacterial Abundance and Biomass Determination in Plant Litter by Epifluorescence Microscopy (Nanna Buesing & Mark O. Gessner)</p><p>30. Growth and Production of Litter-Associated Bacteria (Nanna Buesing, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn)</p><p>31. Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria (Jürgen Marxsen)</p><p>32. ATP as a Measure of Microbial Biomass (Manuela Abelho)</p><p>33. Respiration of Litter-Associated Microbes and Invertebrates (Manuel A.S. Graça & Manuela Abelho) </p><p> </p><p>Part 4. Molecular Microbial Community Analyses</p><p> </p><p>34. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-Rflp) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>35. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher)</p>36. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) to Estimate Molecular Fungal Abundance (Christiane Baschien & J. Steffen C. Carl)<p></p><p>37. Metabarcoding of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sofia Duarte, Christian Wurzbacher & Sahadevan Seena)</p><p>38. Identifying Active Members of Litter Fungal Communities by Precursor rRNA (Martina Stursová & Petr Baldrian)</p><p>39. Gene Expression Analysis of Litter-Associated Fungi Using RNA-Seq (Elizabeth C. Bourne, Paul R. Johnston, Elisabeth Funk & Michael T. Monaghan)</p><p>40. Metaproteomics of Litter-associated Fungi (Katharina M. Keiblinger & Katharina Riedel)</p><p> </p><p>Part 5. Enzymatic Capabilities</p><p> </p><p>41. Extractellular Fungal Hydrolytic Enzyme Activity (Shawn D. Mansfield)</p><p>42. Cellulases (Martin Zimmer)</p><p>43. Viscosimetric Determination of Endocellulase Activity (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen)</p><p>44. Fluorometric Determination of The Activity of beta-Glucosidase and other Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen)</p><p>45. Pectin-degrading Enzymes: Polygalacturonase and Pectin Lyase (Keller Suberkropp)</p><p>46. Lignin-degrading Enzymes: Phenoloxidase and Peroxidase (Björn Hendel, Robert L. Sinsabaugh & Jürgen Marxsen)</p><p>47. Phenol Oxidation (Martin Zimmer)</p><p>48. Proteinase Activity: Azocoll and Thin-layer Enzyme Assay (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p><p> </p><p>Part 6. Litter Consumers</p><p> </p><p>49. Processing of Aquatic Invertebrates Colonizing Decomposing Litter (John S. Richardson)</p>50. Identifying Stream Invertebrates as Plant Litter Consumers (Luz Boyero, Richard G. Pearson, Ricardo J. Albariño, Marcos Callisto, Francisco Correa-Araneda, Andrea C. Encalada, Marcelo Moretti, Alonso Ramírez, April Sparkman, Christopher M. Swan, Catherine M. Yule & Manuel A.S. Graça)<p></p><p>51. Shredder Feeding and Growth Rates (Manuel A.S. Graça & José M. González)</p><p>52. Feeding Preferences (Cristina Canhoto, Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>53. Energy Budget of Shredders (Manuel A.S. Graça)</p><p>54. The Role of Shredders in Litter Dynamics at Stream Scale (José M. González & Manuel A.S. Graça)</p><p> </p><p>Part 7. Litter Manipulations</p><p> </p><p>55. Manipulation of Leaf Litter Stoichiometry (Julio Arce-Funck, Vincent Felten, Michael Danger)</p><p>56. Isotopic Labelling of Leaf-litter Nitrogen (Bernd Zeller, Severine Bienaimé & Etienne Dambrine)</p><p>57. Decomposition and Consumption Tablets (DECOTABSs) (Gea H. van Der Lee, Ellard R. Hunting, J. Arie Vonk & Michiel H.S. Kraak)</p><p>58. Inoculation of Leaf Litter with Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Eric Chauvet)</p><p> </p><p>Part 8. Data Analyses</p> <p></p><p>59. A Primer for Statistical Analysis (Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>60. Determining Temperature-normalized Decomposition Rates (Mark O. Gessner & Frank Peeters)</p><p>61. Biodiversity Analysis (Felix Bärlocher)</p><p>62. A Bioinformatics Primer for the Analysis of Illumina MiSeq Data of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sahadevan Seena, Sofia Duarte & Christian Wurzbacher)</p>63. A Primer for Meta-Analysis (Verónica Ferreira & Felix Bärlocher)<p></p><br>
Bärlocher, Felix
Gessner, Mark O.
Graça, Manuel A.S.
ISBN | 978-3-030-30514-7 |
---|---|
Artikelnummer | 9783030305147 |
Medientyp | Buch |
Auflage | 2. Aufl. |
Copyrightjahr | 2020 |
Verlag | Springer, Berlin |
Umfang | XXV, 604 Seiten |
Abbildungen | XXV, 604 p. 89 illus., 37 illus. in color. |
Sprache | Englisch |