1;Dedication;5 2;Preface;6 3;Acknowledgements;7 4;Contents;8 5;Contributors;9 6;Chapter 1;11 6.1;Minimally Invasive Oculoplastic Surgery;11 6.1.1;1.1 General Points;11 6.1.2;1.2 Lower Lid Entropion;11 6.1.2.1;1.2.1 Introduction;11 6.1.2.2;1.2.2 Lower Lid Entropion Sutures;12 6.1.2.3;1.2.3 Lower Lid Entropion Botulinum Toxin;13 6.1.3;1.3 Lower Lid Ectropion;14 6.1.3.1;1.3.1 Introduction;14 6.1.3.2;1.3.2 The Royce Johnson Suture;15 6.1.3.3;1.3.3 The Pillar Tarsorrhaphy;15 6.1.4;1.4 Distichiasis;18 6.1.4.1;1.4.1 Introduction;18 6.1.4.2;1.4.2 Direct Excision of Lashes;19 6.1.5;1.5 Ptosis;19 6.1.5.1;1.5.1 Introduction;19 6.1.5.2;1.5.2 Posterior Approach Muller's Muscle-Conjunctival Resection;19 6.1.5.3;1.5.3 Anterior Approach - One Stitch Aponeurosis Repair;20 6.1.5.4;1.5.4 Supramid Brow Suspension;22 6.1.6;1.6 Lid Retraction;23 6.1.6.1;1.6.1 Introduction;23 6.1.6.2;1.6.2 Koornneef Blepharotomy;23 6.1.6.3;1.6.3 Botulinum Toxin;25 6.1.7;1.7 Lid Tumours;25 6.1.7.1;1.7.1 Mohs' Micrographic Surgery;25 6.1.7.2;1.7.2 Lamella Sparing Tumour Excision;28 6.1.8;References;29 7;Chapter 2;32 7.1;Minimally Invasive Conjunctival Surgery;32 7.1.1;2.1 Conjunctival Surgery;32 7.1.2;2.2 Conjunctivochalasis;32 7.1.2.1;2.2.1 Background of the Disease;32 7.1.2.2;2.2.2 Indication for Surgery;33 7.1.2.3;2.2.3 Basic Concept of Surgery;33 7.1.2.4;2.2.4 Surgical Procedure;33 7.1.2.5;2.2.5 Postoperative Follow-Up;35 7.1.3;2.3 Pterygium;35 7.1.3.1;2.3.1 Background of the Disease and the Concept of Minimally Invasive Surgery;35 7.1.3.2;2.3.2 Indication for Surgery;37 7.1.3.3;2.3.3 Basic Concept of Surgery;37 7.1.3.4;2.3.4 Surgical Procedures;37 7.1.3.5;2.3.5 A Biologic Adhesive for Sutureless Pterygium Surgery;38 7.1.3.6;2.3.6 Postoperative Follow-Up;38 7.1.4;2.4 Limbal and Conjuntival Dermoids;39 7.1.4.1;2.4.1 Background of the Disease;39 7.1.4.2;2.4.2 Basic Concept of Surgery;39 7.1.4.3;2.4.3 Surgical Procedure;39 7.1.4.4;2.4.4 Postoperative Follow-Up;39 7.1.5;2.5 Strabismus Surgery;39 7.1.6;2.6 Conclusion;39 7.1.7;References;41 8;Chapter 3;42 8.1;Minimally Invasive Lacrimal Surgery;42 8.1.1;3.1 Introduction;42 8.1.1.1;3.1.1 Causes of Stenoses of the Lacrimal Drainage System;42 8.1.1.2;3.1.2 Diagnosis of Stenoses of the Lacrimal Drainage System;42 8.1.1.3;3.1.3 General Remarks Regarding Surgical Management;43 8.1.2;3.2 Endonasal Endoscopic (Microscopic) Dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR);44 8.1.2.1;3.2.1 Indication for EDCR;44 8.1.2.2;3.2.2 Surgical Technique;44 8.1.2.3;3.2.3 Silicone Stenting for EDCR;47 8.1.2.3.1;3.2.2.1 Silicone "Cones" (Lacrimal Duct Stent, Bess, Berlin);48 8.1.2.4;3.2.4 Use of Mitomycin C for EDCR;48 8.1.2.5;3.2.5 Post-Operative Care After EDCR;49 8.1.2.6;3.2.6 Results of EDCR;49 8.1.3;3.3 Endonasal Endoscopic Laser Dacryocystorhinostomy (ELDCR);50 8.1.3.1;3.3.1 Indications for ELDCR;51 8.1.3.2;3.3.2 Contraindications for ELDCR;51 8.1.3.3;3.3.3 Surgical Technique for ELDCR;52 8.1.3.4;3.3.4 Potential Problems with ELDCR;53 8.1.3.5;3.3.5 Post-Operative Care After ELDCR;54 8.1.3.6;3.3.6 Results of ELDCR;54 8.1.3.7;3.3.7 Post-Operative Complications After ELDCR;54 8.1.4;3.4 Dacryoendoscopy with Transcanalicular Laserdacryoplasty (TLDP);55 8.1.4.1;3.4.1 Indication for TLDP;55 8.1.4.2;3.4.2 Contraindication for TLDP;56 8.1.4.3;3.4.3 Surgical Technique for TLDP;56 8.1.4.4;3.4.4 Results of TLDP;56 8.1.4.5;3.4.5 Post-Operative Care and Complications of TLDP;56 8.1.5;3.5 Microdrill Dacryoplasty (MDP);56 8.1.5.1;3.5.1 Indication for MDP;57 8.1.5.2;3.5.2 Contraindication for MDP;57 8.1.5.3;3.5.3 MDP Procedure;57 8.1.5.4;3.5.4 Results of MDP;57 8.1.5.5;3.5.5 Post-Operative Care and Complications of MDP;57 8.1.6;3.6 Balloon Dilatation;57 8.1.6.1;3.6.1 Indications for Balloon Dilatation;58 8.1.6.2;3.6.2 Anaesthesia for Balloon Dilatation;58 8.1.6.3;3.6.3 Surgical Technique with 2 mm or 3 mm Balloon for Incomplete Stenosis;58 8.1.6.3.1;3.6.3.1 Post-Operative Care;60 8.1.6.3.2;3.6.3.2 Complications;60 8.1.6.3.3;3.6.3.3 Results;60 8.1.6.4;3.6.4 Surgical Techn