1;Preface;5 2;List of Contents;7 3;List of Contributors;9 4;Zn2+ Modulation of Neurotransmitter Transporters;10 4.1;Introduction;11 4.2;Synaptic Zn2+ Is a Potential Modulator of Several Neurotransmitter Systems;14 4.3;Endogenous Zn2+-Binding Sites in Na+/Cl--Dependent Neurotransmitter Transporters;16 4.4;Endogenous Zn2+- Binding Sites in the Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters;18 4.5;Zn2+ Modulation of DAT Function;20 4.6;Reversal of Zn2+ Sensitivity by Intracellular Mutations in the DAT;22 4.7;Zn2+ Is Found in Presynaptic Vesicles and Is Released Upon Neuronal Stimulation;25 4.8;References;27 5;Molecular Microfluorometry: Converting Arbitrary Fluorescence Units into Absolute Molecular Concentrations to Study Binding Kinetics and Stoichiometry in Transporters;32 5.1;Introduction;33 5.2;Summary;60 5.3;References;61 6;Structure/Function Relationships in Serotonin Transporter: New Insights from the Structure of a Bacterial Transporter;67 6.1;General Background and Significance of SERT;67 6.2;Mechanism of Transport;69 6.3;Topology;71 6.4;The Permeation Pathway;73 6.5;The Substrate Binding Site;74 6.6;Conformational Changes;75 6.7;Future Directions;78 6.8;References;79 7;The Importance of Company: Na+ and Cl- Influence Substrate Interaction with SLC6 Transporters and Other Proteins;82 7.1;Introduction;83 7.2;Cotransport of Na+ and Cl- with Substrate in SLC6 Family;83 7.3;Residues Controlling Na+ Modulation;84 7.4;Cl- Binding to Proteins and Cl- Modulation of Transport Proteins;93 7.5;Comments on Transporter Residues Governing Na+ and Cl- Modulation of Transport;95 7.6;References;96 8;Currents in Neurotransmitter Transporters;101 8.1;Introduction;101 8.2;Electrophysiological Background in a Nutshell;104 8.3;Coupled and Uncoupled Currents;105 8.4;The Single-File Model;106 8.5;Transient Currents;107 8.6;Leak Current;108 8.7;Is There a Physiological Role for Transporter-Associated Currents?;109 8.8;Currents and Amphetamines;111 8.9;References;114 9;Mutational Analysis of Glutamate Transporters;118 9.1;Glutamate Transporters;119 9.2;Ion/Flux Coupling Determines the Concentrating Capacity of the Transporters;119 9.3;Uncoupled Ion Currents Associated with Glutamate Transporters;121 9.4;The Structure of a Bacterial Glutamate Transporter;122 9.5;Mutational Studies of Mammalian Glutamate Transporters;123 9.6;A Structural Model for the Transport and Chloride Channel Functions of Glutamate Transporters;135 9.7;References;137 10;The Diverse Roles of Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 3;141 10.1;Introduction;141 10.2;Vesicular Glutamate Transport;142 10.3;Identification of VGLUT3 in Neurons and Glia;146 10.4;Conclusion;150 10.5;References;151 11;Extraneuronal Monoamine Transporter and Organic Cation Transporters 1 and 2: A Review of Transport Efficiency;155 11.1;Introduction;156 11.2;Substrate Specificity;159 11.3;Roundup;176 11.4;References;179 12;The Role of SNARE Proteins in Trafficking and Function of Neurotransmitter Transporters;185 12.1;Introduction;186 12.2;Overview of Syntaxin 1A Regulation of Neurotransmitter Transporters;190 12.3;Details of Syntaxin 1A Regulation of GAT1;192 12.4;Syntaxin 1A Regulation of SERT Conducting States;195 12.5;Conclusions;197 12.6;References;197 13;Regulation of the Dopamine Transporter by Phosphorylation;201 13.1;Introduction to the Dopamine Transporter;202 13.2;Dopamine Transporter Phosphorylation;204 13.3;Future Perspectives;213 13.4;References;214 14;The Dopamine Transporter: A Vigilant Border Control for Psychostimulant Action;219 14.1;Introduction: Dopamine Transmission and Psychostimulants;220 14.2;Ion Channel-Like Behavior of the DAT;222 14.3;Regulation of DAT Function by Its Substrates;225 14.4;Regulation of DAT Function by Its Inhibitors;228 14.5;Dopamine D2 Receptor Modulation of DAT Function;229 14.6;Summary;230 14.7;References;231 15;Oligomerization of Neurotransmitter Transporters: A Ticket from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Plasma Membrane;237 15.1;Oligomerization of Neurotransmitter Transporte