This volume focuses on the human exposures and medical effects studies in the SemipaiatinskJ Altai region of Siberia that were a consequence of the radioactive fallout from nuclear test explosions that took place at the Semipalatinsk Test Site of the former Soviet Union. It contains a detailed account of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) devoted to the subject, and a selection of the papers presented. The title of the ARW was "Long-term Consequences of Nuclear Tests for the Environment and Population Health (SemipaiatinskJAltai Case Studies)". The estimated exposures to large numbers of people in the Altai lie in an important dose rate and dose domain. Hence the research reported herein provides new and unique information on the effects of radiation on humans. Also emphasized at the ARW were studies involving fallout from the Pacific Island tests of the U. S. A . . There have been over 2300 nuclear weapon test explosions to date. More than 500 took place in the atmosphere and outer space; the remainder were underground. The atmospheric tests comprise the largest source of anthropogenic radioactivity released into the earth's atmosphere to date. The vast majority, in number and yield, were carried out by the former Soviet Union (FSU) and the United States. Each superpower maintained two primary test sites, one continental primarily for small yield tests, and the other more remote for larger yield tests. For the U. S. A.

Report of the Scientific Secretary

Overview of the Nato/Scope-Radtest Advanced Research Workshop in Barnaul, Siberia
Chronological List of Nuclear Tests at the Semipalatinsk Test Site and Their Radiation Effects
On the Possibility of Identifying Nuclear-Explosion Radioactive Patterns and Reconstructing Population-Exposure Doses Using the Analysis of Long-Lived Radionuclides
Estimation of the Altai Region Population Exposure Resulting from the Nuclear Tests at the Semipalatinsk Test Site
Basis of the Retrospective Reconstruction Method for Parameters Determining Internal Irradiation Along the Trace Following a Nuclear Explosion
Initial Approaches to the Establishment of a Russian Data Bank on Nuclear Explosions and Compatibility with Similar Foreign Data Banks
Estimation of Long-Term Consequences of Nuclear Tests at the Semipalatinsk Test Site for the Altai Population
List of Workshop Presentations
List of Participants.