For the first time, distinguished scientists from key institutions worldwide provide a comprehensive approach to optical sensing techniques employing the phenomenon of guided wave propagation for chemical and biosensors. This includes both state-of the-art fundamentals and innovative applications of these techniques. The authors present a deep analysis of their particular subjects in a way to address the needs of novice researchers such as graduate students and post-doctoral scholars as well as of established researchers seeking new avenues. Researchers and practitioners who need a solid foundation or reference will find this work invaluable.

This first of two volumes contains eight chapters covering planar waveguides for sensing, as well as sensing techniques based on plasmonic waveguides.

1;Preface;8 2;Contents of Volume I;11 3;Contents of Volume II;13 4;Part I Planar-Waveguide Sensors;15 4.1;Total-Internal-Reflection Platforms for Chemical and Biological Sensing Applications;16 4.1.1;Abbreviations;17 4.1.2;1 Introduction;17 4.1.3;2 Principles of TIR 2.1 Basic Principles;18 4.1.4;2.2 Waveguides;19 4.1.5;2.3 Platform Design;20 4.1.6;3 Chemical and Biological Sensing Elements;21 4.1.7;4 TIRF Sensing;24 4.1.8;5 Multiplexing TIRF Ò Array Sensing;25 4.1.9;6 Concluding Remarks;27 4.1.10;References;29 4.2;High-Refractive-Index Waveguide Platforms for Chemical and Biosensing;34 4.2.1;Abbreviations;35 4.2.2;Symbols;35 4.2.3;1 Introduction;36 4.2.4;2 Waveguide Theory;37 4.2.5;2.1 Ray-Optics Approach;38 4.2.6;2.2 Electromagnetic Approach;41 4.2.7;3 Waveguide Fabrication Technologies;47 4.2.8;4 Light Coupling;47 4.2.9;5 Waveguide Materials;48 4.2.10;6 Sensor Principles Based on High-Refractive-Index Optical Waveguides;49 4.2.11;6.1 Grating-Based Label-Free Detection Systems;50 4.2.12;6.2 Interferometric Systems;53 4.2.13;6.3 Evanescent Field Fluorescence;58 4.2.14;7 Commercial Sensor Systems;60 4.2.15;8 Applications;62 4.2.16;9 Concluding Remarks;64 4.2.17;References;64 4.3;Planar-Waveguide Interferometers for Chemical Sensing;68 4.3.1;Abbrreviations;69 4.3.2;Symbols;69 4.3.3;1 Introduction;70 4.3.4;2 History;72 4.3.5;3 Planar Waveguides;72 4.3.6;4 Planar-Waveguide Operation;74 4.3.7;5 Light-Coupling Methods;82 4.3.8;6 Types of Interferometers;85 4.3.9;7 Chemical Sensing - Passive and Active;91 4.3.10;7.1 Passive Sensing;93 4.3.11;7.2 Active Sensing;102 4.3.12;7.3 Thermal Response;109 4.3.13;7.4 Massless Response of the Interferometer;109 4.3.14;8 Concluding Remarks;111 4.3.15;References;112 4.4;Broadband Spectroelectrochemical Interrogation of Molecular Thin Films by Single- Mode Electro- Active Integrated Optical Waveguides;114 4.4.1;Abbreviations;115 4.4.2;1 Introduction;115 4.4.3;2 Optical Absorbance in Integrated Optical Waveguides 2.1 Single- Layer Waveguides;117 4.4.4;2.2 Generalization to Multilayer Integrated Optical Waveguides;122 4.4.5;2.3 Sensitivity of Single- and Multimode Waveguide Structures;126 4.4.6;2.4 Polarized Measurements and Molecular Orientation;127 4.4.7;3 Instrumental Setup;129 4.4.8;3.1 Waveguide Couplers;129 4.4.9;3.2 Broadband Light Sources and Lasers;132 4.4.10;3.3 Electro-Active Optical Waveguides: Materials and Fabrication;133 4.4.11;4 Characterization and Applications 4.1 Adsorbed Dyes;135 4.4.12;4.2 Spectroelectrochemistry of Cytochrome c Films;137 4.4.13;4.3 Broadband Spectroscopy on an EA-IOW;139 4.4.14;5 Concluding Remarks;140 4.4.15;References;140 5;Part II Plasmonic-Waveguide Sensors;143 5.1;Surface Plasmon Resonance: New Biointerface Designs and High- Throughput Affinity Screening;144 5.1.1;Abbreviations;145 5.1.2;1 Introduction to Surface Plasmon Resonance;146 5.1.3;2 SPR: Physical Aspects and Kinetics of Sensing 2.1 Theory;147 5.1.4;2.2 Instrumentation and Modes of Operation;148 5.1.5;2.3 Sensorgrams and Kinetics;149 5.1.6;2.4 SPR Imaging;151 5.1.7;3 Use of SPR for Bio-interaction Analysis;151 5.1.8;3.1 Protein-Carbohydrate Interactions;151 5.1.9;3.2 Protein-DNA and Protein-Protein Interactions;154 5.1.10;3.3 Protein-Lipid Interactions;155 5.1.11;4 SPR Imaging and Microarray Technology;156 5.1.12;4.1 SPRi Examination of Protein-Protein or Protein-DNA/ Aptamer Interactions;156 5.1.13;4.2 New Array and Signal Amplification Technology with SPRi;157 5.1.14;4.3 SPRi and Carbohydrate Microarrays;158 5.1.15;5 Wave of the Future: Hyphenated SPR Techniques;159 5.1.16;5.1 SPR-MS and LC-SPR-MS;159 5.1.17;5.2 HPLC-SPR and SPFS;160 5.1.18;6 Concluding Remarks;160 5.1.19;References;161 5.2;Nanohole Arrays in Metal Films as Integrated Chemical Sensors and Biosensors;165 5.2.1;Abbrreviations;166 5.2.2;Symbols;167 5.2.3;1 Introduction to Optical Sensing Using Metals;167 5.2.4;1.1 An Introduction to Surface Plasmon Polaritons;167 5.2.5;1.2 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing;170 5.2.6;1.3 Surface Plas