1;Preparing and Delivering Scientific Presentations;3 1.1;Copyright Page;4 1.2;Dedication;5 1.3;Preface;7 1.4;Acknowledgment;9 1.5;Contents;11 1.6;Chapter 1: To Speak or Not to Speak? Questions You Should Ask Yourself before Agreeing to Do a Talk in English;18 1.7;Chapter 2: Preparing a Talk;25 1.7.1;Introduction;25 1.7.2;Before You Start;25 1.7.2.1;Types of Presentations;25 1.7.2.2;Slots;28 1.7.3;Research;29 1.7.3.1;Gathering Information;29 1.7.3.2;Reading from Articles .Aloud;30 1.7.3.3;Audiovisual Research;30 1.7.3.4;Discussing the Topic of Your Presentation;30 1.7.3.5;Looking up Both the Meaning and Pronunciation of Unknown Words in the Dictionary;31 1.7.3.6;Jotting down Tricky Words and Sentences;31 1.7.4;Organizing Your Ideas;31 1.7.5;Creating Your Slides;33 1.7.5.1;Number of Slides;34 1.7.5.2;Number of Lines per Slide;34 1.7.5.3;Graphic Material on Slides;34 1.7.5.4;Fonts;34 1.7.5.5;Background of the Slides;35 1.7.6;Rehearsal;35 1.7.6.1;Writing Out Your Speech;35 1.7.6.2;Reading Your Presentation;35 1.7.6.3;Memorizing Your Presentation;36 1.7.6.4;Timing;36 1.7.6.5;Pacing;37 1.7.6.6;Pronunciation;37 1.7.6.7;Eliminating Filler Phrases;38 1.7.6.8;Presenting the Paper to Yourself;38 1.7.6.9;Rehearsing the Weak Points Alone;39 1.7.6.10;Presenting the Paper to Your Colleagues at Your Department;39 1.7.7;Final Preparations;39 1.8;Chapter 3: Useful Language for Scientific Presentations;42 1.8.1;Opening Your Talk;42 1.8.2;Mapping Your Talk;43 1.8.3;Introducing the Main Question;44 1.8.4;Talking about Methods;45 1.8.5;Presenting Data in Tables;45 1.8.6;Talking about Figures;47 1.8.6.1;General Language for Referring to Images;48 1.8.6.2;Types of Figures;49 1.8.7;Emphasizing a Point;55 1.8.8;Reiterating;56 1.8.9;Introducing Slides and Making Transitions;56 1.8.10;Concluding Your Talk;58 1.8.11;Dealing with Questions;58 1.9;Chapter 4: Common Mistakes in Language Usage;61 1.10;Chapter 5: Delivering a Talk;74 1.10.1;Introduction;74 1.10.2;General Pointers;74 1.10.2.1;Familiarizing Yourself with the Room;74 1.10.2.2;Arriving Early;74 1.10.2.3;Etiquette;75 1.10.2.4;Eye Contact;75 1.10.2.5;Modulating Your Speech;75 1.10.2.6;Controlling Your Movements;75 1.10.2.7;Starting Out Strong;76 1.10.2.8;Making Smooth and Clear Transitions;76 1.10.2.9;Accentuating Key Points;77 1.10.2.10;Graphics;77 1.10.2.11;Finishing Strong;77 1.10.2.12;Feedback and Reflection;78 1.10.2.13;Perseverance;78 1.10.3;Dealing with Nervousness;78 1.10.4;Dealing with Technical Problems during the Presentation;79 1.10.5;Dealing with Disruptions;81 1.11;Chapter 6: The Dreaded Questions and Comments Section;83 1.11.1;Introduction;83 1.11.2;General Tips for Dealing with the Question and Answer Section;83 1.11.3;Unbelievably Ineffective Approaches;87 1.11.4;Stalling;87 1.11.5;Shooting from the Hip;88 1.11.6;The Guardian Angel;89 1.12;Chapter 7: Chairing a Session;91 1.12.1;Opening the Session;92 1.12.2;Introducing Speakers;92 1.12.3;Adjourning;94 1.12.4;Concluding the Session;94 1.12.5;Managing the Questions and Answers Session;94 1.12.6;Managing the Time;95 1.12.7;Technical Problems;96 1.13;Chapter 8: Attending an International Scientific Congress;100 1.13.1;Travel and Hotel Arrangements;101 1.13.1.1;Airport;101 1.13.1.1.1;Getting to the Airport;101 1.13.1.1.2;Checking In;101 1.13.1.1.3;Questions a Passenger Might Ask;101 1.13.1.1.4;Announcing Changes in an Airline Flight;102 1.13.1.1.5;At the Boarding Gate;102 1.13.1.1.6;Arrival;102 1.13.1.1.7;Complaining About Lost or Damaged Luggage;103 1.13.1.1.8;Exchange Office;103 1.13.1.1.9;Customs and Immigration Control;103 1.13.1.2;During the Flight;104 1.13.1.3;In the Taxi (US Cab);104 1.13.1.3.1;Asking Where to Get a Taxi;104 1.13.1.3.2;Basic Instructions;105 1.13.1.3.3;Concerning Speed in a Taxi;105 1.13.1.3.4;Concerning Smoking in a Taxi;105 1.13.1.3.5;Asking to Stop and Wait;105 1.13.1.3.6;Concerning the Temperature in a Taxi;105 1.13.1.3.7;Payment;105 1.13.1.4;At the Hotel;106 1.13.1.4.1;Checking In;106 1.13.1.4.2;Preferences