At the end of the initial meeting on Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plant Cell Cultures at Schloss Rauischholzhausen, it was decided to convene similar events on a regular basis midway between the International Congress for Plant Tissue and Cell Cul ture. We felt it was necessary to bring representatives of the research teams working in this field together to assess progress as well as to discuss future directions. The Plant Biotechnology Institute of the National Research Council of Canada in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan was chosen to be the site for the second symposium held in 1988. The theme of this meeting was "The Regulation of Primary and Secondary Metabol ism in Plant Cells" and judging by the contributions published in this volume it was a timely and actual one indeed. I would like to thank my organizing committee and my research group for their efforts, the National Research Council of Canada for the financial assistance and the participants for their contributions which all contributed to make this symposium a success. A special thank you to Mrs. L. -Blashill and R. Gallays for their assistance in hosting this event. Last but not least I would like to thank our publisher, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg for their deci sion to publish the proceedings of this and future symposia.

I Interaction Between Primary and Secondary Metabolism

Initiation and Characterization of Photoautotrophic Suspension Cultures
Inputs and Outputs: Primary Substrates and Secondary Metabolism
Photoautotrophic Culture: A Model System to Investigate the Regulation of Gene Expression in Cultured Plant Cells
Photoautotrophic Plant Cell Cultures for Studies on Primary and Secondary Metabolism
II Regulation of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis
Regulation of Secondary Metabolism in Relation to Growth and Differentiation
On the Nature of the Variation in Yields of Phytochemicals Observed Within Plant Cell Cultures
Regulation of Secondary Metabolism in Transformed Root Cultures
The Regulation of Accumulation of Lower Isoprenoids in Plant Cell Cultures
Toward Directed Modulation of Rosmarinic Acid Production in Cultured Plant Cells
Regulation of Chalcone Synthase with Regard to Anthocyanin Biosynthesis
Induction and Suppression of Anthocyanin Synthesis in Carrot Suspension Cell Cultures Regulated by 2,4-D
Digitoxin 12?-Hydroxylase, a Cytochrome P-450-Dependent Enzyme from Cell Cultures of Digitalis lanata Ehrh
The Integration of Cardenolide Biosynthesis in the Differentiation Program "Somatic Embryogenesis" of Digitalis lanata
Compartmentation of Flavour Precursor Synthesis in the Onion
Biosynthesis of Tropane Alkaloids
Secondary Metabolites in Cell Cultures of Tabernaemontana Species
Distribution of Catharanthine, Vindoline and 3?,4?-Anhydrovinblastine in the Aerial Parts of some Catharanthus roseus Plants and the Significance Thereof in Relation to Alkaloid Production in Cultured Cells
Regulation of Vindoline Biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus: Molecular Cloning of the First and Last Steps in Biosynthesis
Regulation of CapsaicinSynthesis in Cultured Cells of Capsicum frutescens
The Formation and Regulation of 1-Methoxycanthin-6-one Production in Ailanthus altissima Cell Suspension Cultures
III Elicitation of Metabolite Biosynthesis
Studies on Alkaloid Formation in Plant Cell Cultures After Treatment with a Yeast Elicitor
Studies on Benzophenanthridine Alkaloid Production in Elicited Cell Cultures of Papaver somniferum L.
Elicitation and Suppression of Isoflavones and Pterocarpan Phytoalexins in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Cell Cultures
Elicitor Induction of Secondary Metabolism in Dedifferentiated and Differentiated in Vitro Systems of Ruta graveolens
Stimulation of Phytoalexin Accumulation in Fungus-Infected Roots and Elicitor-Treated Cell Cultures of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
IV Gene Expression in Transformed and Stressed Plant Cells
Genes of Secondary Metabolism: Differential Expression in Plants and in Vitro Cultures and Functional Expression in Genetically Transformed Microorganisms
Microsequencing of Plant Proteins and Cloning of the Corresponding Genes by Oligonucleotide Probing
Switching on Production of Thiarubrines and Other Polyines by Transformation of Plant Tissue Cultures
Regulation of Gene Expression in Biologically Stressed Bean Cell Cultures
Regulated Expression of lacZ Gene Fusions in Tobacco
Regulation of Photosynthesis in Daucus carota and Arachis hypogea Cell Cultures by Exogenous Sucrose
V Round Table Discussion
Cytodifferentiation and Compartmentation
Elicitors in in Vitro Cultures
Regulation of Metabolite Flow
Bottlenecks Towards Commercialization of Product Synthesis by Plant Cell Cultures
Outlook for Future Research.