After the positive response which followed the first edition of this book 6 years ago, the editors were encouraged to prepare a completely reworked second edition that includes the modern advances in this field. There has been a complete change of diagnostic procedure in the detection of renal tumors, which is now based on sonography, computed tomography, and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, pushing intravenous urography and angiography completely into the background. Also, new methods of treat ment with radionuclides using embolisation are incorporated. The description of morphological structures forms the basis for under standing and recognising pathology of the kidneys and adrenals. The con tents of pathological morphology could be extended, as we are of the opinion that the detection and therapy of renal and adrenal tumors are derived from different areas of diagnostic science. We are indebted to Springer-Verlag for the excellent book production. On behalf of all the authors, we would like to thank our colleagues and associates for their cooperation in the realisation of this project. The editors hope that this volume will be of interest to radiologists, pa thologists, urologists, pediatrists, and also radiotherapists. Essen, April 1987 EBERHARD LOHR LUTZ-DIETRICH LEDER Table of Contents Pathology of Renal and Adrenal Neoplasms LEDER, L.-D., RICHTER, H.l.

Pathology of Renal and Adrenal Neoplasms

1 Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions of the Kidney in the Adult
2 Renal Neoplasias of Infancy and Childhood
3 Tumors of the Renal Pelvis
4 Tumors of the Adrenal
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Renal and Pararenal Tumors
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 The Abnormal Kidney
4 Extrarenal Lesions
5 Diagnostic Procedure in Renal Tumors
Computed-Body-Tomography of Renal Carcinoma and Perirenal Masses
1 Introduction
2 Anatomy
3 Methods
4 Renal Carcinoma
5 Clear Cell Carcinoma
6 Metastases Simulating Primary Renal Carcinoma
7 Malignant Tumors of Different Histologic Pattern
8 Benign Tumors
9 Tumors of the Collecting System, Transitional Cell Carcinoma
10 Retroperitoneal Lymphomas
11 Neuroblastoma and Nephroblastoma
12 Differential Diagnostic Considerations: Pseudotumorous Mass Lesions vs Renal Tumor
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Renal Mass Lesions
1 Introduction
2 Equipment
3 Technique of Examination
4 Benign Lesions
5 Renal Malignancies
6 Differential Diagnosis - Malignant vs Benign Lesions
7 Conclusion
125I Embolotherapy of Renal Tumors
1 Introduction
2 Concepts Governing Transcatheter Interstitial Radiation Therapy
3 Technique
4 Clinical Results
Adrenal Mass Lesions in Infants and Children
1 Introduction
2 Imaging Techniques
3 Normal Adrenal Glands
4 Pathological Lesions
Computed Tomography of the Adrenal Glands
1 Introduction
2 Techniques of Examination
3 Anatomy
4 Location
5 Morphology
6 Size
7 Pathology
Scintigraphic Studies of Renal and Adrenal Function
1 Introduction
2 Radiopharmaceuticals
3 Functional Scintigraphy of the Kidneys
4 Adrenal Cortical Scintigraphy
5 Adrenal Medulla Scintigraphy
Surgical Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma
1Radical Nephrectomy
2 Preoperative Embolization
3 Regional and Radical Lymphadenectomy
4 Tumor Extension into the Inferior Vena Cava
5 Partial Nephrectomy in Renal Cell Carcinoma
6 Surgery for Disseminated Disease
7 Adjunctive Nephrectomy
8 Future Prospects
Operative Therapy of Nephroblastoma
1 Introduction
2 Treatment
Nonoperative Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma
1 Introduction
2 Radiotherapy
3 Chemotherapy
4 Hormone Therapy
Prenatal Wilms' Tumor
1 Introduction
2 Development of Prenatal Wilms' Tumor
3 Diagnosis
4 Related Disorders
5 Therapy and Complications
6 Prognosis
Congenital Neuroblastoma
1 Introduction
2 Case Studies
Neuroblastoma
1 Introduction
2 Etiology
3 Pathologic Anatomy
4 Immunology
5 Biochemistry
6 Clinical Aspects
7 Metastases
8 X-ray Findings
9 Differential Diagnosis
10 Diagnosis
11 Therapy
12 Prognosis
Nonsurgical Management of Wilms' Tumor
1 Introduction
2 Prognostic Factors Influencing the Treatment Plan
3 Radiation Therapy
4 Chemotherapy
5 Planning Patient Treatment
6 Treatment of Bilateral Wilms' Tumor
7 Treatment of Metastases at Diagnosis
8 Treatment of Recurrent Disease
9 Outlook for Further Development in the Treatment of Wilms' Tumor
Immunologic Aspects of Malignant Renal Disease
1 General Immunologic Considerations
2 Humoral Immunity in Renal Cell Carcinoma
3 Cell-Mediated Immunity in Renal Cell Carcinoma
4 Renal Carcinoma Antigens Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies
5 Immunotherapy.