1;Preface;62;Contents;103;Contributors;174;Glossary;205;Evolution and Population Genetics of Self- Incompatibility;395.1;New Insights on Heterostyly: Comparative Biology, Ecology and Genetics;405.1.1;Abbreviations;405.1.2;1.1 Introduction;415.1.3;1.2 Comparative Biology and Evolutionary History of Heterostyly;435.1.3.1;1.2.1 Phylogeny Reconstruction and Character Evolution;445.1.4;1.3 Function and Reproductive Ecology of Heterostyly;475.1.4.1;1.3.1 Function of Heterostyly;475.1.4.2;1.3.2 Floral Morph Ratios and Reproductive Success;495.1.5;1.4 Inheritance of Heterostyly and the Supergene Model;515.1.5.1;1.4.1 Inheritance of Distyly and Tristyly;515.1.5.2;1.4.2 Supergene Model;525.1.5.3;1.4.3 Mutational Analyses and the Study of Genetic Variants;565.1.6;1.5 Molecular Genetics;565.1.6.1;1.5.1 Theoretical Models and Predictions;575.1.6.2;1.5.2 Protein Profiles;595.1.6.3;1.5.3 mRNA Expression;595.1.6.4;1.5.4 Genetic Localization;605.1.7;1.6 Concluding Remarks;625.1.8;References;635.2;Genetic and Environmental Causes and Evolutionary Consequences of Variations in Self- Fertility in Self Incompatible Species;705.2.1;Abbreviations;705.2.2;2.1 Introduction;715.2.3;2.2 Genetics of Self-Fertility;725.2.3.1;2.2.1 Mutations Affecting the S-locus;735.2.3.2;2.2.2 Unlinked Modifiers of SI;745.2.3.3;2.2.3 Plasticity in Self-Fertility;775.2.3.4;2.2.4 Summary of Genetics of Self-Fertility;785.2.4;2.3 Fate of Self-Fertility Genes;795.2.4.1;2.3.1 Conditions for Stable Polymorphisms;805.2.4.2;2.3.2 Summary and Conclusions Concerning Stable Polymorphisms;825.2.5;References;845.3;On the Evolutionary Modification of Self- Incompatibility: Implications of Partial Clonality for Allelic Diversity and Genealogical Structure;895.3.1;Abbreviations;895.3.2;3.1 Introduction;905.3.3;3.2 Mating System Dynamics;915.3.3.1;3.2.1 Relative Transition Rates;915.3.3.2;3.2.2 Multiple Origins of SC in Arabidopsis;915.3.3.3;3.2.3 Modified Forms of SI;925.3.4;3.3 S-Locus Evolution Under Partial Clonality;935.3.4.1;3.3.1 Diffusion Approximation;935.3.4.2;3.3.2 S-Allele Number and Frequency;965.3.4.3;3.3.3 Age of the Root;985.3.5;3.4 Discussion ;1015.3.5.1;3.4.1 Clonality in the Solanaceae;1015.3.5.2;3.4.2 Evolutionary Stability of Partial SI;1015.3.5.3;3.4.3 Paradoxical Effects on Mating Systems;1025.3.6;3.5 Conclusions;1035.3.7;Appendix 1: Diffusion Equation Approximation;1045.3.8;Appendix 2: Simulations;1055.3.9;References;1055.4;Evolution and Phylogeny of Self-Incompatibility Systems in Angiosperms;1085.4.1;Abbreviations;1085.4.2;4.1 Introduction;1095.4.2.1;4.1.1 Diversity of SI Systems in Angiosperms;1105.4.2.2;4.1.2 Evolutionary Origin(s) of SI Systems;1115.4.3;4.2 Was Self-Incompatibility Present in the First Angiosperms?;1125.4.3.1;4.2.1 Self-Incompatibility in Basal Angiosperms;1135.4.3.2;4.2.2 Self-Incompatibility in the Monocots;1155.4.4;4.3 Phylogenetic Distribution of SI Systems;1165.4.4.1;4.3.1 Late-Acting Ovarian Self Incompatibility (OSI);1195.4.4.2;4.3.2 Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility (GSI);1215.4.4.3;4.3.3 Sporophytic Self-Incompatibility (SSI);1235.4.5;4.4 The Relationship Between GSI and SSI;1245.4.6;4.5 Discussion;1265.4.7;References;1305.5;What Genealogies of S-alleles Tell Us;1375.5.1;Abbreviations;1375.5.2;5.1 Introduction;1385.5.3;5.2 Long-Term Demographic Information from the S-locus;1395.5.4;5.3 Implications of Shared Ancestral Polymorphism;1425.5.4.1;5.3.1 Tracing the History of Mating System Change;1425.5.4.2;5.3.2 Diversification Rate Differences and Character State Reconstruction;1445.5.5;5.4 The Pace of New Allele Formation;1455.5.6;5.5 Remaining Issues of S-RNase Evolution;1465.5.7;5.6 Pollen Specificity Genes;1485.5.8;5.7 Conclusions;1515.5.9;References;1515.6;Self-Incompatibility and Evolution of Mating Systems in the Brassicaceae;1565.6.1;Abbreviations;1565.6.2;6.1 Introduction;1575.6.3;6.2 Structural and Sequence Diversification of S-locus Haplotypes