1;Foreword;7 2;Acknowledgements;9 3;Contents;11 4;Chapter 1 Overview;23 5;Chapter 2 Algorithms of Late Effects;27 6;Chapter 3 Facilitating Assessment of Late Effects by Organ System;39 6.1;Chemotherapy;39 6.2;Other Terms;40 7;Chapter 4 Central Nervous System Effects;57 7.1;4.1 Introduction;57 7.2;4.2 Pathophysiology;57 7.2.1;4.2.1 Pre- and Post-Natal Brain Development;57 7.2.2;4.2.2 Disease Considerations;58 7.2.3;4.2.3 Radiation;59 7.2.4;4.2.4 Intrathecal Chemotherapy;61 7.2.5;4.2.5 Systemic Chemotherapy;61 7.3;4.3 Clinical Presentations;62 7.4;4.4 Moderators and Mediators of Central Nervous System Outcomes;64 7.5;4.5 Prevention and Intervention;65 7.5.1;4.5.1 Prevention: Primary and Secondary;65 7.5.2;4.5.2 Interventions;68 7.6;4.6 Future Directions;68 7.7;References;69 8;Chapter 5 Neuroendocrine Complications of Cancer Therapy;73 8.1;5.1 Pathophysiology;74 8.1.1;5.1.1 Normal Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis;74 8.1.2;5.1.2 Injury of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis in Patients with Cancer;76 8.1.3;5.1.3 Contribution of Radiation to Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis Injury;78 8.2;5.2 Clinical Manifestations;82 8.2.1;5.2.1 GH Deficiency;82 8.2.2;5.2.2 LH or FSH Deficiency;82 8.2.3;5.2.3 Precocious or Rapid Tempo Puberty;85 8.2.4;5.2.4 TSH Deficiency;86 8.2.5;5.2.5 ACTH Deficiency;88 8.2.6;5.2.6 Hyperprolactinemia;88 8.2.7;5.2.7 Diabetes Insipidus;88 8.2.8;5.2.8 Osteopenia;88 8.2.9;5.2.9 Hypothalamic Obesity;88 8.3;5.3 Detection and Screening;89 8.3.1;5.3.1 Signs and Symptoms Prompting Immediate Evaluation;89 8.3.2;5.3.2 Surveillance of Asymptomatic Patients;89 8.3.3;5.3.3 GH Deficiency;89 8.3.4;5.3.4 LH or FSH Deficiency;89 8.3.5;5.3.5 Precocious Puberty;90 8.3.6;5.3.6 TSH Deficiency;91 8.3.7;5.3.7 ACTH Deficiency;91 8.3.8;5.3.8 Hyperprolactinemia;92 8.3.9;5.3.9 Diabetes Insipidus;92 8.3.10;5.3.10 Osteopenia;92 8.3.11;5.3.11 Hypothalamic Obesity;92 8.4;5.4 Management of Established Problems;93 8.4.1;5.4.1 GH Deficiency;93 8.4.2;5.4.2 LH or FSH Deficiency;95 8.4.3;5.4.3 Precocious Puberty;96 8.4.4;5.4.4 Hypothyroidism;96 8.4.5;5.4.5 ACTH Deficiency;97 8.4.6;5.4.6 Hyperprolactinemia;98 8.4.7;5.4.7 Diabetes Insipidus;98 8.4.8;5.4.8 Osteopenia;98 8.4.9;5.4.9 Hypothalamic Obesity;99 8.5;References;99 9;Chapter 6 Ocular Complications Due to Cancer Treatment;103 9.1;6.1 Introduction;104 9.2;6.2 Eyelids, Periorbital Skin and Tear Film;104 9.2.1;6.2.1 Anatomy and Physiology;104 9.2.2;6.2.2 Acute Radiation Effects;105 9.2.3;6.2.3 Chronic Radiation Effects;105 9.2.4;6.2.4 Chemotherapy;106 9.2.5;6.2.5 Medical and Nursing Management;106 9.3;6.3 Conjunctiva;107 9.3.1;6.3.1 Anatomy and Physiology;107 9.3.2;6.3.2 Acute Radiation Effects;107 9.3.3;6.3.3 Chronic Radiation Effects;107 9.3.4;6.3.4 Chemotherapy;107 9.3.5;6.3.5 Medical and Nursing Management;107 9.4;6.4 Cornea;108 9.4.1;6.4.1 Anatomy and Physiology;108 9.4.2;6.4.2 Acute Radiation Effects;108 9.4.3;6.4.3 Chronic Radiation Effects;108 9.4.4;6.4.4 Chemotherapy;109 9.4.5;6.4.5 Medical and Nursing Management;109 9.5;6.5 Lens;109 9.5.1;6.5.1 Anatomy and Physiology;109 9.5.2;6.5.2 Acute Radiation Effects;109 9.5.3;6.5.3 Chronic Radiation Effects;109 9.5.4;6.5.4 Chemotherapy;110 9.5.5;6.5.5 Medical and Nursing Management;110 9.6;6.6 Uvea: Iris,Ciliary Body and Choroid;111 9.6.1;6.6.1 Anatomy and Physiology;111 9.6.2;6.6.2 Acute Radiation Effects;111 9.6.3;6.6.3 Chronic Radiation Effects;111 9.6.4;6.6.4 Chemotherapy;111 9.6.5;6.6.5 Medical and Nursing Management;111 9.7;6.7 Sclera;112 9.7.1;6.7.1 Anatomy and Physiology;112 9.7.2;6.7.2 Acute Radiation Effects;112 9.7.3;6.7.3 Chronic Radiation Effects;112 9.7.4;6.7.4 Chemotherapy;112 9.7.5;6.7.5 Medical and Nursing Management;112 9.8;6.8 Optic Nerve and Retina;112 9.8.1;6.8.1 Anatomy and Physiology;112 9.8.2;6.8.2 Acute Radiation Effects;112 9.8.3;6.8.3 Chronic Radiation Effects;112 9.8.4;6.8.4 Chemotherapy;113 9.8.5;6.8.5 Medical and Nursing Management;114 9.9;6.9 Orbital Bones and Tissue;114 9.9.1;6.9.1 Anatomy and Physiology;114 9.9.2;6.9.2 Acute Radi