The present volume consists of papers prepared for a conference on the cerebellum which was held at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda on 15 -17 May 1980. This was the first gen eral conference on the cerebellum since the 1972 symposium in Portland, Oregon, which was convened to celebrate the publica tion of the last volume of the Comparative Anatomy and Histolo gy of the Cerebellum by Larsell and Jansen. In organizing the 1980 Conference, we elected to emphasize ad vances in neuroanatomy over other aspects because, in our view, morphological investigation continues to playa large and essential role in the developing understanding of cerebellar func tion, and, despite the general impression that cerebellar anat omy is better known than any other part of the nervous system, our information on this topic is far from complete. N everthe less, the cerebellum offers the best model we have for analyzing the vertebrate central nervous system. The correlation of ana tomical, cytological, developmental, physiological, chemical, and pharmacological data on this relatively simple and uniform structure, which has persisted with remarkable conservatism through vertebrate evolution, still holds a rich store of answers to the most penetrating questions concerning the functional organization of the brain. Naturally, within the limits of time, space, and our resources we could not pretend to include every thing that has been learned about the cerebellum in the past decade.

Current Status of Neuroanatomical Research in the Cerebellum

Morphological Development of the Rat Cerebellum and Some of Its Mechanisms
Synaptic Remodeling in Agranular Cerebella
Morphophysiological Studies of a Culture Model of the Cerebellum
Cell Lineage Analyses of Purkinje Cells in Murine Chimeras
Regional Differences in the Cytoarchitecture of the Cerebellar Cortex
The Cerebropontocerebellar Pathway: Salient Features of Its Organization
The Olivocerebellar Projection in the Cat
Spino-Olivocerebellar Circuits in the North American Opossum with Notes on Their Development
General Discussion: Radial Connectivity in the Cerebellar Cortex: A Novel View Regarding the Functional Organization of the Molecular Layer
Investigations of the Olivocerebellar and Spino-Olivary Pathways
Structural Organization of the Fastigial Nucleus
Connections of the Fastigial Nucleus in the Cat and Monkey
The Cerebellar Nucleocortical Pathway
Organization of Cerebellar Corticonuclear Fiber Systems
Characteristics of an Isolated Purkinje Cell Fraction
Fractionation of Cerebellar Cells and Synapses: Certain Properties Related to Neurotransmission
Functional Significance of the Climbing Fiber Input to Purkinje Cells: An In Vitro Study in Mammalian Cerebellar Slices
Field Effect and Chemical Transmission: Dual Inhibitory Action of Basket Cells in the Rat Cerebellar Cortex
Cerebellar Output: Body Maps and Muscle Spindles
Role of Cerebellar Purkinje Cells in Voluntary Limb Movement
Spinocerebellar Connections in the Cat with Particular Emphasis on Their Cellular Origin
The Vestibulo- and Reticulocerebellar Projections in the Cat as Studied with Horseradish Peroxidase as a Retrograde Tracer
The Signal Processing and Function of the Flocculus During SmoothEye Movement in the Monkey
Eye Movements and the Cerebellum
GABA and Other Transmitters in the Cerebellum
Neurotransmitters and Receptors in the Cerebellum: Immunocytochemical Localization of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase, GABA-Transaminase, and Cyclic GMP and Autoradiography with 3H-Muscimol
Structural and Functional Relationships Between Cerebellum and Catecholamine Systems: An Overview
The Future of Studies on the Cerebellum.