In 1971 I published a review of ichnology other concentrating only on traces made (Houston AAPG: SEPM Trace Fossil Field by a certain group of organisms, regardless Trip Guidebook) that I thought could be of their setting. Nevertheless, needless re dundancy has hopefully been eliminated. expanded rather easily into a worthwhile Some of the chapters are more special book on the subject. I probed that possi ized than others (because of the nature of bility for a while, thinking that I would particular topics); hence, these may be write the book myself. As I began to out somewhat less familiar or "comprehensible" line the chapters in more detail, however, than others-depending upon the reader's it soon became apparent that my personal own interests and background. Other dif knowledge of too many facets of ichnology ferences in the scope and content of vari scraped bottom all too soon. I quickly de ous chapters stem from the simple fact cided that a better book could be produced that a considerably greater backlog of pre by soliciting specific contributions from vious work is available in certain facets of other workers who, collectively, had first ichnology than in others. But we hope hand experience with virtually every aspect that all of the chapters will prove to be use of the field. That became the actual plan, ful to anyone wishing to delve 'into them. the result of which is this book.

I Introduction to Ichnology

1 The History of Invertebrate Ichnology
2 The Realm of Ichnology, Its Strengths and Limitations
3 Classification of Trace Fossils
4 Preservation of Trace Fossils
5 False or Misleading Traces
II The Geological Significance of Trace Fossils
6 The Paleontological Significance of Trace Fossils
7 The Stratigraphical Significance of Trace Fossils
8 The Sedimentological Significance of Trace Fossils
9 The Paleoecological and Environmental Significance of Trace Fossils
III Selected Groups of Trace Fossils
10 Plant Trace Fossils
11 Borings as Trace Fossils, and the Processes of Marine Bioerosion
12 Boring Microorganisms and Microborings in Carbonate Substrates
13 Traces of Predation
14 Fossil Tracks and Impressions of Vertebrates
15 Vertebrate Burrows
16 Problems in Interpreting Unusually Large Burrows
17 Trace Fossils in Carbonate Rocks
18 Trace Fossils at Omission Surfaces
IV Recent Aquatic Lebensspuren
19 Recent Lebensspuren in Nonmarine Aquatic Environments
20 Recent Biocoenoses and Ichnocoenoses in Shallow-Water marine Environments
21 Animal Traces on the Deep-Sea Floor
V Techniques in the Study of Lebensspuren
22 Experimental Approaches in Neoichnology
23 Techniques for the Study of Fossil and Recent Traces.